Universitat Internacional de Catalunya

Foundations of Endodontics

Foundations of Endodontics
3
12269
1
Annual
OB
Main language of instruction: English

Other languages of instruction: Catalan, Spanish,

Teaching staff

Introduction

Endodontics is concerned with diseases affecting dental pulp, together with associated periradicular diseases. Endodontics comprises their prevention, diagnosis and treatment. This subject will provide the student with the knowledge, skills and attitudes to deal successfully with its clinical practice. 

Pre-course requirements

No previous requirements.

Objectives

To define the concepts of endodontics and establish its objectives.

To learn about etiology, causes and clinical treatment of a variety of dental pulp and periapical inflammations.

To prepare a proper medical history to assess the state of the pulp.

To know the prognosis for root canal treatment depending on pre-operational variables.

To explain different types of endodontic treatment.

To describe emergency treatment of different pulpo-periapical pathologies.

To know which radiographs are essential for root canal treatment and to describe the technique for performing them.

To know the anaesthetic and analgesic techniques for the control of the pain.

To describe the ideal access openings for each tooth in the arch.

To list the usual canals and the most frequent variations for each tooth in the arch.

To describe instrumentation techniques during biomechanical preparation.

To list different irrigation solutions for use in biomechanical preparation, defining their properties and indications.

To explain the clinical sequence to be followed throughout biomechanical preparation.

To explain the objectives of root canal system obturation.

To know the clinical properties and clinical sequence of different canal obturation materials.

To know different endodontic treatments for an immature tooth.

To know indications, prognosis and treatment in cases of re-endodontics.

To learn techniques for managing anxious patients.

Competences/Learning outcomes of the degree programme

Students will be expected to:

  • Identify the main reason for the consultation and the history of the current disease and create a general medical record and a clinical record which accurately reflect the patient's notes.
  • Become familiar with the general pathological characteristics of the illnesses and disorders that affect organic systems, specifically those which have dental repercussions.
  • Become aware of clinical and laboratory-based procedures and diagnostic tests, knowing their reliability and diagnostic viability and being competent in interpreting the results.
  • Perform and interpret radiographs and other image-based procedures relevant to dental practice.
  • Recognise oral normality and pathology, as well as to assess semiological data.
  • Diagnose, plan and undertake, at a general level, multidisciplinary, sequential and integrated treatment of limited complexity for patients of all ages and conditions and patients with special needs (diabetes, hypertension, oncological diseases, transplants, immune-depression, anti-clotting, etc.) or disabilities.
  • Know about dental biomaterial: in terms of handling, properties, indications, allergies, biocompatibility, toxicity and eliminating residues as well as their environmental impact.
  • Know about and be able to use the basic tools and equipment for dental practice.
  • Handle, distinguish between and select the tools and materials suitable for dentistry.
  • Understand and recognise the principles of ergonomics and safety at work (including the control of cross infection, radiation protection and occupational and biological diseases).
  • Undertake basic oral and dental pathology treatments for patients of all ages. The treatment procedures should be minimally invasive and based on a comprehensive and integrated approach to oral and dental treatment.
  • Issue appropriate medical prescriptions, while being aware of their indications and contraindications, systemic effects and repercussions on other organs.
  • Apply loco-regional anaesthetic techniques.
  • Prepare and isolate the operatory field.
  • Identify and deal with any dental emergencies.
  • Undertake endodontic treatment and apply procedures to preserve pulp vitality.
  • Acquire clinical experience under suitable supervision.
  • Acquire the ability to argue and defend their own scientific ideas as well as to listen, analyse, evaluate and respond to the ideas of others.
  • Acquire learning skills that facilitate continued studies in a self-directed and autonomous manner.
  • Understand how to provide a basis or opportunity for originality in developing and/or applying ideas in a research context.
  • Apply the knowledge acquired and develop an ability to solve problems in new environments within broader (or multidisciplinary) contexts related to the field of study in question.
  • Know how to communicate their conclusions and final justifications that support these to specialised and non-specialised audiences in a clear and unambiguous way.
  • Be able to integrate new knowledge acquired through research and study, and deal with complexity.
  • Possess and understand knowledge that provides the basis or opportunity for developing and/or applying ideas, often in the field of research.
  • Perform the correct analysis and diagnosis taking into account the multidisciplinary factors of the masticatory apparatus.
  • Develop the ability to apply scientific method and use the knowledge acquired to solve problems in the field of science. Learn to undertake both in vitro and in vivo research projects in the fields of mechanics, biology and microbiology applied to endodontics.
  • Be autonomous in the development and application of new endodontic technologies and acquire the ability to assess and undertake research projects

Learning outcomes of the subject

Students will be expected to:

Establish the objectives of endodontics.

Know and understand the etiology, etiopathogenesis and clinical aspects of pulp and periapical inflammations in their different variants.

Perform a proper medical history to assess the state of the pulp.

Differentiate pain according to location, origin, duration and the characteristic of the pain.

Perform a prognosis of canal treatment according to the preoperative variables.

Adopt the appropriate therapeutic approach to the different pulp and periapical entities that require root canal treatment.

Choose the appropriate emergency treatment depending on the different pulpo-periapical pathological entities.

List the essential radiographs for root canal treatment and describe how they are performed.

Know how to organize the materials and instruments for endodontics, and their treatment between patients.

Isolate the operative field properly for a root canal treatment.

Perform correct chamber openings and locate the entrances to the root canals.

List the usual root canals and the most frequent variations on each tooth.

Describe instrumentation techniques during biomechanical preparation.

List the different irrigation solutions for use in biomechanical preparation, defining their properties and indications.

Explain the clinical sequence to be followed throughout biomechanical preparation.

Explain the objectives of canal system obturation.

Know the clinical properties and clinical sequence of different canal obturation materials.

Know different endodontic treatments for an immature tooth.

Adopt a suitable therapeutic attitude when dealing with different dental pulp and periapical problems that require canal treatment.

Syllabus

Classes
1. Biological basics and dental pulp pathology
2. Dental pulp pathology
3. Access openings
4. Diagnoses in endodontics
5. Determining the working length
6. Instrument basics
7. Instruments with Ni-Ti rotary systems
8. Instruments with reciprocating systems
9. Irrigation in endodontics
10. Obturation of root canals
11. Obturation of root canals
12. Paediatric endodontics
13. Prognosis and treatment plans in endodontics
14. Emergencies in endodontics

Seminars
1. Access openings – First third of chapter 7 of Cohen
2. Access openings – Second third of chapter 7 of Cohen
3. Access openings – Final third of chapter 7 of Cohen
4. CBCT in endodontics -
5. Vertical fractures -
6. Problem solving in endodontics -
7. Dental pulp physiopathology – Chapter 3 of Weine, pages 85 to 110
8. Dental pulp physiopathology – Chapter 3 of Weine, pages 111 to 136
9. Dental pulp physiopathology – Chapter 3 of Weine, pages 136 to 161
10. Pulpoperiapical pathology – Chapter 4 of Weine, pages 165 to 185
11. Diagnoses in endodontics – First half of chapter 1 of Cohen
12. Diagnoses in endodontics – Second half of chapter 1 of Cohen

Teaching and learning activities

In person



Seminars on classic and contemporary literature.

Evaluation systems and criteria

In person



Written exam consisting of 30 short questions. A mark of 70% is required to pass the exam.

Bibliography and resources

Articles: Journal of Endodontics
International Endodontic Journal
Endodontic Topics
Books: Pathways of the pulp