Universitat Internacional de Catalunya
Emergencies and Critical Patients
Other languages of instruction: English, Spanish
Teaching staff
You can contact the person responsible for the subject by email (Dr. Jordi Castillo: jcastillo@uic.es)
Introduction
This course introduces the student to the concepts of urgency and emergency, in the structure and organization of both hospital and out-of-hospital emergency and emergency services, in the functions of health professionals in these services, and in key aspects on the coordination of care between the different levels of the health system for the critically ill patient, with special attention to the continuity of care in addressing critical time-dependent pathologies and the coordinated health response to accidents with multiple victims and catastrophes. Besides, cross-cutting knowledge and skills in the care of any critically ill patient, such as advanced life support and the management of severe polytrauma patients, are discussed in depth.
Pre-course requirements
There are no prerequisites to take this course
Competences/Learning outcomes of the degree programme
- CB7 - Students should be able to apply the knowledge acquired and have the ability to solve problems in new or little-known environments within broader (or multidisciplinary) contexts related to the field of study.
- CB8 - Students should be able to integrate their knowledge so that they can deal with the complexity involved in making judgements based on information that may be incomplete or limited, and may therefore require considerations of the social and ethical responsibilities involved in applying knowledge or judgement.
- CE01 - To have the ability to communicate with patients suffering from a disease that requires urgent treatment, managing resources for a patient-doctor conversation that is initially focused on the most important medical aspects.
- CE02 - Planning emergency care, assessing the psychological dimension of the suffering of patients and family members
- CE03 - When a patient has an intense or worsening condition, students should know how to identify and assess clinical indications of a risk to their life or a serious danger to their functions, establishing priorities for their treatment.
- CE04 - To have the ability to act and/or coordinate the process of moving a seriously ill patient from the place of the emergency to a healthcare centre suited for their treatment, in a decisive, confident and official way within the professional sphere.
- CE06 - To demonstrate their knowledge and flexible and decisive handling of protocols and guidelines for clinical practice when dealing with the most serious or common conditions in urgent and emergency care.
- CE07 - To carry out a continuous re-evaluation of the patient in urgent and emergency care in order to readjust the provisional diagnosis and consequent change to the treatment plan when necessary.
- CE08 - To act decisively, accurately and efficiently when applying the invasive and non-invasive treatment techniques used in emergencies.
- CE09 - To recognise the risks associated with operation procedures and the diagnostic techniques and treatments employed in emergencies, and to carry them out as safely as possible in terms of the safety of the student, other professionals and the patient.
- CG1 - To know how to work in a multidisciplinary team in an independent way, and how to take the initiative to resolve any disputes or problems that arise between different professional perspectives.
- CG2 - To act fairly, making sure to offer equal opportunities and universal access to patients who require medical attention, encouraging respect for human rights and a social and sustainable coexistence.
- CG3 - To practice effective timekeeping and to manage activities so as to ensure efficient organisation and the best possible ability to adapt to unforeseen circumstances.
- CG4 - To know how to use information and communication technology tools and how to apply them to specific fields of knowledge.
- CG6 - To apply current healthcare legislation related to both pre-hospital and hospital care.
- CT01 - To respect the ethical standards and laws that govern healthcare and the relationship with the patient in urgent and emergency care, as well as the ability to provide information on basic aspects of the same when required.
- CT02 - To continuously adapt and prioritise available resources to cover the needs of every patient and to maintain the quality of their care.
Learning outcomes of the subject
- Knows the bases of the organization of the emergency services and health emergencies in their healthcare, training, research and teaching aspects, and their integration in the entire health system.
- Knows and is competent in handling the legal implications of health care in emergencies and emergencies: death certificates, attitude towards the suspicion of unnatural death, parts of injuries, suspicion of mistreatment of women or minors, suspicion of rape or sexual abuse, forced internment.
- Knows the different resources of out-of-hospital health care and medical transport available in your environment and suitably evaluates the circumstances for the correct choice of the most appropriate in each case.
- Manages the patient in an emergency: respiratory arrest and cardiorespiratory arrest in the adult patient.
- Handles the patient in an emergency: severely traumatized patient.
- Evaluates and appropriately takes into account the circumstances of the environment and the mechanisms of accident production for the prevention of risks associated with the intervention and as an important source of clinical information in the approach and management of the patient.
- Knows and adequately manages the extrication, rescue, and transfer techniques of trauma patients.
- Knows and manages in a simulated environment the procedures of action in situations with multiple victims in the out-of-hospital setting, both in the eventuality of the first health intervener and that of successive interveners.
Syllabus
Introduction to Emergencies and Emergencies
- Medical Emergency Systems
- Communications centers and coordinating center for health emergencies
- Medical transport
- Organization of emergencies in primary care
- Organization of hospital emergencies
- Ethical and legal aspects of urgencies and emergencies
Advanced Life Support
- Theoretical aspects
- ECG rhythms in advanced life support
- International recommendations
- Basic life support
- Semi-automatic defibrillator
- Airway management.
- Ventilatory support in SVA
- Vascular accesses.
- Intraosseous route
- Electric treatment
- Pharmacological treatment
- Post-resuscitation care
- SVA in special situations
- SVA surgical techniques
- Donation in asystole
Care for the seriously injured patient
- Assessment of severe trauma patient
- Means of rescue, immobilization, and mobilization of the trauma patient
- Analgesia, sedation, and relaxation in the initial management of severe trauma
- Head injury
- Spinal cord injury
- Chest trauma
- Abdominal trauma
- Pelvic trauma
- Skeletal trauma
- Shock management in severe trauma
- Airway management in the traumatic patient
Intervention in Accidents with multiple victims
- Concepts in IMV and catastrophes
- Critical aspects in IMV: chaos management
- Health logistics in collective emergencies.
- Initial general operation in IMV.
- Operational roles in establishing the chain of command and in first triage.
- Operational roles in stabilization and evacuation of victims.
- Outpatient triage in collective emergencies.
- Triage of healthcare priority and immediate actions.
- Putting a victim in an IMV evacuation state.
- Evacuation triage.
- Traceability and control of health intervention
- Intervention in CBRN incidents
- Intervention in terrorist attacks
Teaching and learning activities
In person
The following teaching methodologies will be used to develop the subject:
Theoretical class (CT) in the classroom: The teacher will present his syllabus with audiovisual help if he sees fit. In these activities, the student has a mainly receptive role, although with the possibility of active participation individually or in groups.
Practical Workshop (TP). This training resource will be carried out mainly at the Comprehensive Advanced Simulation Center (CISA) available at the UIC. In this way, scenarios close to reality will be created in small groups of students, mainly oriented to the development of practical skills, using expository and interactive methodological resources such as role-play, group dynamics, and simulation resources.
Self-learning activities (AAP). For these activities, the UIC virtual platform "Moodle" will be your main tool. In it you will be able to find different resources (study material, discussion forums, multimedia resources ...) and various activities (evaluation questionnaires, carrying out tests ...) designed for the student to advance on his own, tutored by the teacher, in the development of its fundamentally theoretical competences.
Evaluation systems and criteria
In person
FIRST CALL
There will be a mixed evaluation that will have 3 parts:
1) Class participation and attendance (10%)
2) Theoretical examination of the subject (15%)
3) Advanced Life Support Workshop - SVA (25%)
. PHTLS Workshop (25%)
. Workshop Multiple Incident Victims - IMV (25%)
If a student has a validated Workshop, the final percentage will continue to be 75% and each of the other two Workshops will have a score of 37.5% per Workshop.
If any of the three Workshops does not reach the minimum APT score, you will not obtain the Accredited Title. There is no option to take an Accredited Title on the second call.
The student must obtain a minimum score of 4 points in each of the components of the evaluation of the subject. To pass the subject, you must get at least a 5.
SECOND CALL
The evaluation of this 2nd call will be made as follows:
1) Class participation and attendance = the grade from the 1st conv. (10%)
2) Theoretical examination of the subject (15%) = those students who do not exceed the minimum of 4 points in 1st conv., Will have to appear.
3) Workshops (75%)
A. Advanced Life Support Workshop - SVA (25%)
B. PHTLS Workshop (25%)
C. Workshop Multiple Incident Victims - IMV (25%)
Those Workshops that have a grade lower than 4, will have to do a theoretical exam (there is no recovery of practical ability).
The approved parts will be kept with the grade obtained on the first call.
To pass the subject, you must get at least a 5.
Bibliography and resources
They will be in the Virtual Platform "Moodle". Each teacher will generate their bibliography and resources based on the implicit theme