Universitat Internacional de Catalunya
Structure and Function of the Human Body II
Teaching staff
For best performance, make an appointment via e-mail (bmezquita@uic.es)
Introduction
Structure and Function of the Human Body II is taught in the second semester of the first year of Nursing.
It allows the student to go into depth in the study of the human body in the scientific fields of Anatomy and Physiology. The human body and its systems are studied as a whole.
Transversely, along with other subjects, this course emphasizes the importance Health Sciences, the scientific methodology and the need to use bibliographic sources as well as verified references.
The course is oriented in a practical way, intended to prioritize, in each subject, concepts and situations that are better adapted to the understanding of phenomena associated with the Nursing and in the fields of Health Sciences.
This course is divided into seven topics, which are studied from the Anatomy and Physiology points of view: circulatory and immune systems, cardiovascular, renal, respiratory, digestive system, metabolism and reproductive system.
Pre-course requirements
No prerequisites are required
Objectives
At the end of the course, students must:
- Be capable of knowing the human body on a global basis and understanding the interrelationships between the different organs and systems to maintain homeostasis.
- Be capable of dominating the terminology used in the fields of Anatomy and Physiology.
- Be capable of knowing how the cardiovascular, blood and immunity, respiratory, digestive, urogenital systems function as well as normal human body metabolism.
- Have acquired the skills for the identification of anatomical structures studied in different tests commonly used in the clinic.
- Have acquired the skills in the clinical application of the acquired knowledge.
- Be familiar with the scientific method. Promote reasoning and discussion of problems.
- Have learned about the primary sources of information.
- Have acquired one’s own attitude for their future professional career.
- Have curiosity for the world that surrounds him and wanting to know more.
Competences/Learning outcomes of the degree programme
- 1. G - Ability to provide technical and professional health care appropriate to the health needs of the people they treat, with full technical and scientific autonomy, according to current and available scientific knowledge and to the quality standards and safety requirements set forth in the applicable legal standards and code of ethics.
- 20. B - Multidisciplinary teamwork
- 21. B - Oral and written communication.
- 22. G - Use and management of information and research
- 23. B - Ability to analyze and synthesize.
- 25. E - Knowledge of the field of study
- 6. E - Base nursing care on scientific evidence and available resources.
Learning outcomes of the subject
After completing the course the student will know the structural characteristics and the function of the organs and systems that constitute the human body and its development throughout the different stages of life,and will be able to establish relationships between them. Also, students will learn about the basic functional exploration of these systems in relation to the nursing profession.
Syllabus
UNIT 1: BLOOD AND IMMUNE SYSTEM
1.1- Circulatory System
Definition: blood, plasma, serum. Blood composition. Red blood cells. Leukocytes. Platelets. Coagulation. Blood type. Hematopoiesis.
1.2- Immune System
Definition. Classification: non-specific and specific immunity, inherited, acquired (natural, artificial). Inflammatory response. Cells of the immune system: phagocytes, lymphocytes (B, T). Molecules of the immune system: antibodies, complements. • Allergic reactions. • Allergens. •
1.3 - Lymphatic System
Lymph. The lymphatic vessels. Lymph ducts: thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct. Lymphatic organs: thymus, spleen, tonsils (Palatine, lingual, pharyngeal and tubal).
UNIT 2: CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.
2.1.- Cardiac System: The Heart
Basic Concepts. External configuration. Internal configuration: Heart cavities (Atria, ventricles), cardiac valves (lung, aortic, mitral and tricuspid), septums (Atrial Septum Defect and Ventricular septum defect). Pericardium. Heart structure (epicardial, endocardial and myocardial). Mechanical and electrical activity of the heart. Regulation of the activity of the heart. Cardiac cycle.
2.2 - Vascular System
Basic Concepts. Coronary, pulmonary and systemic circulation (General, blood circulation, venous circulation, hepatic portal circulation), lymphatic circulation. Blood pressure: overview, factors that influence blood pressure, blood pressure fluctuations.
UNIT 3: RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Basic Concepts. Fossa or nasal cavity, sinuses. Pharynx: Nasopharynx, Oropharynx and Laryngopharynx. Larynx: vocal, laryngeal cartilage, Epiglottis. Trachea. Lungs: an overview (fissures, lobes, segments). Bronchi. Alveoli. Ventilation. Breathing muscles. Physiology of respiration: clinical assessment: respiratory functional study (forced spirometry, respiratory volumes, CO transfer capacity). Arterial blood gases. Alveolar-arterial gradient concept of oxygen. Regulation of respiration.
UNIT 4: RENAL SYSTEM
Kidneys. Macroscopic and microscopic structure. Ureters. The bladder. Urethra: male and female. Kidney's functions. Analysis of urine.
UNIT 5: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Oral cavity: tongue (muscles, tongue brake), teeth (General, particular characteristics, both temporary and permanent dentition), salivary gland (major and minor). Pharynx: nasopharynx, Oropharynx and laryngopharynx. Esophagus: characteristics and relationships. Stomach: greater curvature, lesser curvature, Cardia, fundus, pylorus sphincter. Small intestine: duodenum, jejunum, ileum. Large intestine: cecum, colon, sigma, straight, vermiform appendix, year. Liver and biliary tract. Pancreas. Peritoneum. Digestion: mechanical and chemical.
Digestion of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Secretion of digestive glands. Absorption: process and regulatory mechanisms. Training of feces and defecation. Vomiting.
UNIT 6: METABOLISM
Metabolism of nutrients: HC, fats, proteins. Major vitamins and minerals for our body. Vitamin deficits. Vitamin supplements: in pregnant women, certain diseases and in athletes. Metabolic cups: basal metabolic rate: factors determining total basal metabolic rates, calories. Body temperature.
UNIT 7: REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Genital tract, male reproductive system: testis, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct, prostate glands bulbouretrals, penis.
Female genital tract: ovaries, fallopian tubes de Falopio, uterus, vagina. Explorations: colposcopy, Pap smear test. Moms.
Teaching and learning activities
In blended
Face to face and online classes
Case method with reduced groups
Disection lab with reduced groups
Virtual learning: material for self-study, videos, tests and forums online
Evaluation systems and criteria
In blended
Face to face and online classes
Case method with reduced groups
Disection lab with reduced groups
Virtual learning: material for self-study, videos, tests and forums online
Bibliography and resources
- TORTORA-DERRICKSON Principios de anatomía y fisiología. Ed. Panamericana.
- THIBODEAU GA, PATTON KT. Anatomía y fisiología. Madrid. Harcourt Brace.
- GUYTON CG, HALL, JE. Tratado de Fisiología Médica. Elsevier.
- ROHEN JW, YOKOCHI. Atlas fotográfico de Anatomía Humana. Ed. Mosby.
Evaluation period
- E1 21/04/2021 12:00h
- R1 10/05/2021 10:00h
- E2 08/07/2021 10:00h
- R2 19/07/2021 11:00h