Universitat Internacional de Catalunya
Maxillofacial and Oral Medicine
Other languages of instruction: Catalan, English
Teaching staff
By appointment via e-mail.
Lecturer responsible: Dr. Josep Rubio Palau
jorubio@uic.es
Introduction
Oral and maxillofacial medicine understood as oral medicine is a multidisciplinary subject of dentistry. It requires constant interaction with other disciplines of the profession and general medicine for diagnosis and treatment of the cases presented.
The field of oral medicine gives the public connotations in general medicine highlighting the coincidence of the medical practitioner in theoretical and practical knowledge and the need for the dentist to understand the medical basis and the impact of systemic diseases or general or genetic syndromes before starting dental treatment, with special attention to the clinic which is manifested in the stomatognathic area.
Pre-course requirements
There are no prerequisites.
Objectives
Emphasis will be placed on the concepts of disease entity, pathogenesis, and clinical and diagnostic aspects, integrating this vision with other basic training courses in the curriculum, such as pathology, radiology and medical-surgical pathology.
We intend to equip students with the basic information in this area enabling them to run their dental practice with a strong vision of the interrelations between dentistry and medicine at large.
Competences/Learning outcomes of the degree programme
- 12 - Understanding and recognising the structure and normal function of the stomatognathic apparatus, at a molecular, cellular, tissue and organic level, during the various stages of life.
- 14 - Being aware of the general processes of the illness, including infection, inflammation, alterations in the immune system, degeneration, neoplasm, metabolic alterations and genetic disorders.
- 15 - Being familiar with the general pathological characteristics of the illnesses and disorders that affect organic systems, specifically those which have dental repercussions.
- 21 - Knowing how to undertake a full dental exam, including the necessary X-ray and complementary exploratory tests, as well as obtaining suitable clinical references.
- 23 - Establishing a diagnosis, prognosis and suitable treatment planning for all the different clinical areas of Dentistry, being competent in terms of the diagnosis, prognosis and writing up the dental care plan for patients who require special care, including medically compromised patients (such as diabetics, those with hypertension, a depressed immune system or are anticoagulated, etc) and patients with disabilities.
- 25 - Being aware of and applying basic treatment for the most common dental pathology in patients of all ages. The treatment procedures must be based on the concept of minimally invasive surgery and an overall and comprehensive focus on dental treatment.
- 26 - Knowing how to plan and undertake multidisciplinary, sequential and comprehensive dental treatment of limited complexity for patients of all ages and conditions and for patients who require special care.
- 27 - Outlining and proposing suitable preventative measures for each clinical situation.
- 29 - Recognising the underlying causes of dental health in the population, whether genetic, lifestyle, demographic, environmental, social, economic, psychological or cultural.
- 32 - Knowing the biomedical science on which Dentistry is based in order to ensure adequate oral and dental care. This science must include material on: (a). Embryology, anatomy, histology and the physiology of the human body (b). Genetics, Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology and (c). Microbiology and immunology.
- 35 - Knowing the scientific principles of sterilisation, disinfection and the antiseptics necessary to prevent cross-infection in dental practice
- 36 - Knowing the danger of ionising radiation and its impact on biological tissue, as well as the legislation that regulates its use. Knowing how to manage dental radiodiagnostic facilities
- 37 - Undertaking the x-rays that are necessary in dental practice, interpreting the images obtained and learning about other important image-based diagnosis techniques
- 39 - Recognising oral normality and pathology, as well as the evaluation of semiological data
- 43 - Having knowledge of dental biomaterial: in terms of handling, properties, instructions, allergies, biocompatibility, toxicity and eliminating residues as well as their environmental impact
- 48 - Being aware of the effects of tobacco on oral health and participating in measures which help patients who want to give up their smoking habit. Also, knowing about the complex interaction between the environmental, social and behavioural factors related to oral and general health
- 57 - Knowing the general processes of illness, curing and reparing, including infection, inflammation, haemorrhage and clotting, scarring, trauma and alterations in the immune system, degeneration, neoplasia, metabolic alterations and genetic disorders
- 58 - Knowing the general pathological characteristics of the illnesses and disorders that affect organic systems
- 59 - Knowing the oral manifestations of systemic diseases
- 65 - Diagnosing, planning and undertaking, at a general level, multidisciplinary, sequential and integrated treatment of limited complexity for patients of all ages and conditions and patients with special needs (diabetes, hypertension, oncological diseases, transplants, immune-depression, anti-clotting, etc.) or disabilities. Specifically the dentist should be competent in establishing a diagnosis, a prognosis and developing a suitable treatment plan, particularly in terms of orofacial pain, temporo-mandibular disorders, bruxism and other parafunctions; dental and periapical pathology; oral and dental trauma; periodontal and peri-implanted tissue pathologies; pathology of the mandibular bone, of soft oral tissue and annex glands; states of partial or total edentation and planning rehabilitation treatment via dento-muco supported prostheses, or dental impants, dental malpositions or malocculusions and other anatomical or functional alterations of the face or the stomatognathic system and their potential orthodontic, orthopaedic or surgical corrections
- 66 - Taking and interpreting x-rays and other image-based procedures that are important in dental practice
- 69 - Identifying patients who require special care, recognising the characteristics and peculiarities of such cases
- 77 - Undertaking medical and surgical treatment for common diseases in soft oral tissue
- 80 - Treating the inflammatory processes of periodontal tissue both pharmacologically and surgically, including supra and subgingival techniques for periodontal instrumentation
Learning outcomes of the subject
Appropriate preparation of an oral medicine clinical history.
Appropriate running of a physical exploration.
Understanding and correct indication of the various diagnostic methods, mainly biopsy.
Knowledge of the diseases of the oral mucosa and their diagnosis and treatment.
Order and correct interpretation of analytics.
Encouraging students to work in teams.
Encouraging students to continue their education in this area.
Initiating students in making reasoned diagnostic decisions. Systemic effects and effects on other organs.
- 3.01 - Identify the most important characteristics of the different groups of medicines: pharmacological activity, mechanism of action, indications, dosage, contraindications and adverse effects.
- 3.02 - Using information sources of Pharmacology
- 3.03 - Know the most relevant precautions in prescribing and administering medications in the dental patient in relation to their own pathology and concomitant medication.
- 3.04 - Have thorough knowledge in general medical pathology.
- 3.05 - Have thorough knowledge in General Surgical Pathology
- 3.10 - Ask and interpret the results of the general complementary explorations ( laboratory-image- functional)
- 3.11 - Conduct a differential diagnosis, a provisional diagnosis and a definitive diagnosis.
- 3.19 - Know the pharmacological treatment of pain
- 3.20 - Knowledge of oral manifestations of systemic pathologies
- 3.21 - Know how to explore at physical oro-maxillo-facial level and interpret laboratory complementary examinations and image
- 3.22 - Knowledge of smoking and its treatment
- 3.24 - Interpret the main analytical determinations: normal and pathological values
Syllabus
ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL MEDICINE
A. MUCOUS MEDICAL PATHOLOGY (20h)
UNIT 1. Odontogenic Infections (Rubio) 2h
UNIT 2. Bacterial, Viral and Fungal Infections (Rubio) 1h
UNIT 3. Oral pathology of COVID-19 (Rubio) 1h
UNIT 4. Pathology of the tongue (Rubio) 1h
UNIT 5. Pathology of the lips. Cheilitis (Rubio) 1h
UNIT 6. Pemphigus, Pemphigoid (Navalón) 1h
UNIT 7. Connective Disease: Lupus, Scleroderma, Dermatomyositis (Navalón) 1h
UNIT 8. Premalignant lesions of the oral mucosa (leukoplakia/erythroplasia) (Rubio)1h
UNIT 9. Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa. (Rubio) 1h
UNIT 10. Variants of normality. Fundamental lesions on the skin and mucous membranes: erythema, papule,…. (Garcia Linares) 1h
UNIT 11. Injuries due to physical, mechanical or chemical agents (Garcia Linares) 1h
UNIT 12. Recurrent oral aphthous stomatitis (Ferrés Amat) 1h
UNIT 13. Lichen planus (Ferrés Amat) 1h
UNIT 14. Laser applications in Oral Medicine (España) 2h
UNIT 15. Interpretation of laboratory tests and diagnostic tests. (Gil) 2h
UNIT 16. Clinical history and examination of the oral cavity. Semiology, symptoms (Garcia Linares) 2h
B. GLANDULAR PATHOLOGY (4h)
UNIT 1. Saliva: Function, composition. Saliva as diagnosis. 1h (Garcia Linares)
UNIT 2. Salivary gland semiology. exploration techniques. 1h (Garcia Linares)
UNIT 3. Obstructive pathology, inflammatory pathology, tumor pathology. 2h (Rubio)
C. ORAL PATHOLOGY OF SYSTEMIC ORIGIN (4h)
UNIT 1. Oral manifestations of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. (Garcia Linares) (1 hour)
UNIT 2. Digestive diseases: Crohn's/hematological diseases. (Garcia Linares) (1 hour)
UNIT 3. Diseases secondary to drugs. Osteoradionecrosis/Osteochemonecrosis (García Linares) (2 hours)
D. CRANIOMAXILLOFACIAL PATHOLOGY (18h)
SUBJECT 1. Facial traumatology oriented to the Dentist. 2h (Rubio)
UNIT 2. Cleft lip and palate: Embryology, etiopathogenesis, anatomy. 1h (Rubio)
UNIT 3. Surgical treatment of cleft lip and palate: cheiloplasty, uranostaphylorrhaphy, alveolar graft, rhinoplasty, pharyngoplasty, orthognathic surgery and distraction. 1h (Rubio)
UNIT 4. Syndromic craniomaxillofacial pathology. 2h (Rubio)
UNIT 5. Rehabilitation of atrophic jaws: Pre-prosthetic surgery. Dental, pterygoid and zygomatic implants. 2h (Garcia Linares)
UNIT 6. Treatment of dentofacial deformities. Types of deformities, sagittal, axial and frontal analysis, conventional and 3D planning. 2h (Rubio)
UNIT 7. Pathology of TMJ I: inflammatory, myofascial, degenerative 2h (Ferrés Amat)
UNIT 8. Pathology of TMJ II: hyperplasia, elongation, tumor, ankylosis 2h (Ferrés Amat)
UNIT 9. Pathology of TMJ III: Non-invasive treatment, arthrocentesis, arthroscopy, open surgery, joint replacement 2h (Ferrés Amat)
UNIT 10. Cervical tumors and masses 2h (Ferrés Amat)
E. MAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY (Dr. Martínez Miravé) 14h
UNIT 1. Introduction to Maxillofacial Radiology: Physics of radiation 2h
UNIT 2. Dental radiography: intraoral, panoramic, lateral, CBCT 2h
UNIT 3. Radiological Anatomy and developmental alterations 2h
UNIT 4. Dental diagnosis I: Infection/inflammation 2h
UNIT 5: Diagnosis of the maxilla and mandible I: normal variants, anomalies 2h
UNIT 6. Maxillary and mandibular diagnosis II: cystic pathology 2h
UNIT 7. Diagnosis of the maxilla and mandible III: tumor pathology 2h
SEMINARS
Duration of each seminar 1h.
MUCOUS MEDICAL PATHOLOGY (18h)
SEMINAR 1 UNIT 1. Odontogenic Infections (Dra Navalón) 1h
SEMINAR 2 UNIT 2. Bacterial, Viral and Fungal Infections (Dr Ferrés Amat) 1h
SEMINAR 3 UNIT 4. Pathology of the tongue (Dr Gil) 1h
SEMINAR 4 UNIT 5. Pathology of the lips. Cheilitis (Dra Navalón) 1h
SEMINAR 5 UNIT 6 and 7 Pemphigus, Pemphigoid. nurse Connective: Lupus, Scleroderma, Dermatomyositis (Dr Gil) 1h
SEMINAR 6 UNIT 8 Premalignant lesions of the oral mucosa. (Dr. Ferrés Amat) 1h
SEMINAR 7 UNIT 9 Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa. (Dr. Ferrés Amat) 1h
SEMINAR 8 UNIT 10 and 11 Variants of normality. Fundamental lesions in skin and mucous membranes. Injuries due to physical, mechanical or chemical agents (Dr Gil) 1h
SEMINAR 9 UNIT 12 and 13 Recurrent oral aphthous stomatitis. Lichen planus (Dr Navalón) 1h
SEMINAR 10 UNIT 14 Laser Applications in Oral Medicine (Dr Gil) 1h
SEMINAR 11 UNIT 15. Clinical history and examination of the oral cavity. Taking biopsies (Dr Ferrés Amat) 1h
SEMINAR 12 UNIT 16. Interpretation of laboratory tests and diagnostic tests. (Dr Gil) 1h
B. GLANDULAR PATHOLOGY
SEMINAR 13 UNIT 1 and 2. Saliva: Function, composition. Saliva as diagnosis. Salivary gland semiology. exploration techniques. (Dr. Navalón) 1h
SEMINAR 14 UNIT 3. Obstructive pathology, inflammatory pathology, tumor pathology. (Dr. Navalón) 1h
ORAL PATHOLOGY OF SYSTEMIC ORIGIN
SEMINAR 15 UNIT 1, 2 and 3. Oral manifestations of radiotherapy
Teaching and learning activities
In person
1. Lectures
Lectures providing knowledge and skills in schematic form and with a wealth of supporting graphic material. The classes will run for two hours. A slot (15 minutes) is dedicated to questions, clarification or extension of concepts.
2. Seminars
Seminars will be given to expand on given topics, placing stress on active student involvement.
Case method
A clinical situation is described that is used as an aid for reviewing and evaluating the student’s knowledge.
Evaluation systems and criteria
In person
S
The evaluation will be conducted as follows:
Theoretical final exam: 75%.
Training / Seminar: 25%.
The theoretical final examination shall consist of 40 multiple choice questions (5 options) with a single correct answer. The practical examination shall consist of 10 multiple choice questions (5 options) and a single correct answer. A wrong answer will deduct 0.20 points from the mark.
Attendance of training sessions is mandatory (attendance will be taken). Two absences will lead to a failing mark in the practical component; students with two absences will not be allowed to sit the practical exam.
The overall grade to pass is 5.
a) suspenso: 0- 4,9 (SS)
b) Aprobado: 5-6,9 (AP)
c) Notable: 7-8,9 (NT)
d) Excelente: 9-10 (SB).
e) Matrícula de honor: implica haber obtenido excelente además una mención especial.
Bibliography and resources
Scully C.Oral and Maxillofacial Medecine.Ed . Churchill Livingstone Elsevier , 2a edició 2008 .
Bagan / Ceballos / Bermejo / Aguirre / Peñarrocha . Medicina oral . , Ed Masson SA , 1995 .
Bermejo . Medicina bucal vol. I i vol. II . Ed Sintesis SA , 2000
Laskaris.mPocket Atlas of Oral Diseases . Ed Thieme , 1998
Bascones / Llanes.mMedicina bucal vol I i vol. II . Ed Avenços Metge Dentals , 2a edició 1996
Wood / Goaz.mDiagnóstico diferencial de les lesions orals i maxilofaciales.Ed . Hardcourt Brace , 1998
Ceballos / Bullon / Gandara / Chimenos / Blanc / Martinez / Garcia
Medicina Bucal práctica.Ed . Danu SL . , 2000
Bascones / Manso.Dolor orofacial.Ed . Avenços Metge Dentals , 2a edició 1997
Fonseca.Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , vol. 1,4,5,6 . Ed Saunders . 2000
Marx / SternOral and Maxillofacial Pathology .. Ed Quintessence . 2003
Myers / Suen Càncer of the Head and Neck Ed Saunders , 3a edició , 1996
Langlais / Langland / Nortje . Diagnostic Imaging of the Jaws.Ed. Williams & Wilkins , 1995 .
Gorlin / Cohen / Levin.Syndromes of the Head and Neck.Ed. Oxford, 1990
Pilch . Head and Neck Surgical Pathology Ed Lippincott Williams & Wilkins , 2001
Barnes / Eveson / Reichart / Sidransky . Pathology and Genetics of Head and Neck Tumors . Classification of Tumors . , IARC Press , 2005..
Evaluation period
- E1 24/05/2022 A02 14:00h
- E1 24/05/2022 A01 14:00h
- E1 24/05/2022 A21 14:00h
- R1 03/06/2022 A15 08:00h
- E2 21/06/2022 A15 14:00h
- R2 01/07/2022 A03 08:00h