Universitat Internacional de Catalunya
Emergency Medicine: Clinical History and Semiology
Teaching staff
Students may ask lecturers questions at the end of each class. For enquiries outside of class time, students must make an appointment by email:
Teaching Profesor (CReA): Dr. José Zorrilla Riveiro
Ask for interview at jgzorrilla@uic.es
Marco Antonio Bustamante: mbustamante@uic.es
Introduction
The European Society of Emergency Medicine (EuSEM) define this area of learning as the one based in the knowledge and skills required for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of all kind of emergencies, either illnesses and traumatisms that affect patients of all ages with a wide spectrum of physical and cognitive disorders. In this specialty time is always critical.
In 2008, a pan-european survey in 33 countries about the development of Emergency Medicine into the undergraduate studies demonstrate that in 14 of such 33 countries the Emergency Medicine has not any slot in the Schools of Medicine.
In our country, Emergency Medicine as a separate specialty does not exist yet, either in the undergraduate or postgraduate level.
The International Federation of Emergency Medicine (IFEM) delineated a model for teaching Emergency Medicine for undergraduate students of Medicine. This model requires a huge amount of hours, which we have adapted to the level and time available in our University.
Pre-course requirements
To enroll in the course, the student must have passed all the subjects of previous courses
The student should have the basic knowledge about the different pathologic conditions that appear in the organism.
Objectives
- Learning a fundamental knowledge on medicine applied in emergencies and the ability of evaluating and immediately treating the most common emergency conditions.
- Learning the skills of basic vital support, including diagnosis, first treatment and basic related skills.
- Learning the Advanced Life Support skills.
- Learning the skills for differentiate and treat common acute symptoms.
- Learning the severity criteria for each acute problem in emergency medicine.
- Learning the management of severe traumatisms, including mobilization and fixation, initial assessment and secondary assessment.
- Learning the basic skills in procedures as airway management and venous catheterization.
- Learning triage of patients with the most urgent conditions.
Competences/Learning outcomes of the degree programme
- 07 - Understand and recognise normal structure and function of the human body at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and organ and systemetic levels, at different stages of life and in both sexes.
- 09 - Understand and recognize the effects, mechanisms and manifestations of disease on the structure and function of the human body.
- 10 - To understand and recognise the agents and risk factors which determine health status, and learn how they determine the symptoms and natural development of acute or chronic diseases in individuals and populations.
- 12 - Understanding the foundations for action, the indications and efficacy of therapeutic interventions, based on available scientific evidence.
- 13 - Obtain and develop a clinical history that contains all relevant information.
- 15 - Ability to formulate an initial diagnosis and establish a rationalised diagnostic strategy.
- 16 - Recognize and deal with situations that put life in immediate danger and those that require immediate attention.
- 17 - Establish the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment, applying principles based on the best information possible and safe clinical practice..
- 18 - To indicate the most appropriate (pharmacological, surgical, psychological, social or other) treatments that are pertinent to the most prevalent procedures, in terms of rehabilitation and also terminally ill patients, including an evaluation of their effectiveness.
- 21 - Listen carefully, obtain and synthesize relevant information about the problems affecting the patient and understand the contents of this information.
Learning outcomes of the subject
- Support the relevance of questions in history and examination features.
- Build a differential diagnosis about the symptoms and signs of the patient as to ascribe to a single syndrome most commonly observed in emergency medicine.
- Discuss surgical decisions when indicated.
- Draw a therapeutic plan in Emergency based on the pathologic features upon arrival.
- Apply the resuscitation skills.
Syllabus
Chapter 1. Urgencies and emergencies. Definition and assessment. Clinical reasoning in emergencies. (Masterclass. Online class). Dr. José Zorrilla.
Chapter 2. Criteria of severity of the patient in the emergency room. Activation codes. The emergency. (Masterclass. Online class). Dr. Rafael Fernández.
Chapter 3. Assessment of patients with respiratory diestress (Skills Lab) Dr. Jose Zorrilla.
Chapter 4. Assessment of patients with palpitations. (Skills Lab) Dr. De Luis Sánchez .
Chapter 5. Assessment of patients with chest pain. (Case Method).Dr. De Luis Sánchez .
Chapter 6. Assessment of patients with abdominal pain. (Case Method). Dr. De Luis Sánchez
Chapter 7. Patients with acute alteration of consciousness and assessment the comatose patient. (Case Method).Dr. De Luis Sánchez
Chapter 8. The politrauma patient. Initial assessment. (Masterclass) Dr. Jose Zorrilla.
Chapter 9. Moblization of trauma patients (Skills Lab). Dr. José Zorrilla.
Chapter 10. Sepsis and septic shock. (Case Method). Dr. Rafael Fernandez.
Chapter 11. Emergency related to glycemic descompensation. (Case Method). Dr. José Zorrilla.
Chapter 12. Interdisciplinary approach (doctor-nursing) for breathlessness patient. (with Medicine and Nursing students). (Skills Lab) Dra. Montserrat Virumbrales
Teaching and learning activities
In blended
Evaluation:
- Participation in class: communication skills, reasoning skills and basic knowledge are evaluated. 5% of the final grade.
- Final exam. It consists of:
- Multiple choice exam. Mistakes discount 1/3 of the value of the questions (as in MIR). 80% of the final grade.
- Practical, in which the student will have to demonstrate the skills acquired in the clinical simulation laboratory. Attendance at laboratory practices is mandatory in order to be evaluated. 15% of the final grade.
FINAL QUALIFICATION
Sum of class participation (5%), Final Test (80%) and Final Practice (15%)
It is necessary to pass the final exam (Test) and the practical one, separately, with a grade = or > of 5, in order to pass the course. The % will not be applied if both parts are not passed separately.
Evaluation systems and criteria
In blended
Evaluation:
1. Class participation: we evaluate competency in communication, reasoning ability and basic knowledge. 5% of final score.
2. Exam. Has two parts:
a. Written test type. Mistakes reduce 1/3 of the value of each question (MIR style). 80% of final score.
b. Skills test. The student must exhibit the skills learned in the simulation lab. Lab sessions attendance is mandatory. 15% of final score.
FINAL SCORE
Arithmetic sum of class participation (5%), Written Test (80%) and Skills Test (15%)
It is necessary to pass the final (Test) and the Practical exam, separately, with a grade = or> 5, in order to pass the course. The% will not be applied if not exceeded two parts separately.
Bibliography and resources
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· J. Tintinalli, G. Kelen, J. Stapcynski. URGENCIAS DE MEDICINA. De la American College of Emergency Physicians. McGrau Hill.
· J. Lloret, J.Muñoz, V. Artigas, L.H. Allende, G. Vazquez. PROTOCOLOS TERAPÉUTICOS DE URGENCIAS. Ed. Masson
· L. Jiménez Murillo, F.J. Montero Pérez. MEDICINA DE URGENCIAS Y EMERGENCIAS. GUÍA DIAGNÓSTICA Y PROTOCOLOS DE ACTUACIÓN. Ed. Elsevier.
· Quesada, J.M. Rabanal. PROCEDIMIENTOS TÉCNICOS EN URGENCIAS Y EMERGENCIAS. Ed. Ergon.
· Quesada, J.M. Rabanal. ACTUALIZACIÓN EN EL MANEJO DEL TRAUMA GRAVE. Ed Ergon
Evaluation period
- E1 16/12/2020 18:00h
- E2 14/07/2021 14:00h