Subject

Revision of Literature On Endodontics II

  • code 12280
  • course 2
  • term Anual
  • type OB
  • credits 6

Main language of instruction: English

Other languages of instruction: Catalan, Spanish

Teaching staff

Head instructor

Dr. Fernando Salvador DURÁN-SINDREU - fduran@uic.es

Office hours

Email fduran@uic.es (Fernando Durán-Sindreu) to request an appointment about the subjects of resorptions, perforations and pulp therapy

 

 

Email grm300@gmail.com (Gustavo Rodríguez) to request an appointment about the subjects of traumatology and dental whitening

 

Introduction

In the event that the health authorities announce a new period of confinement due to the evolution of the health crisis caused by COVID-19, the teaching staff will promptly communicate how this may effect the teaching methodologies and activities as well as the assessment.

This subject provides in-depth knowledge of the following subjects:

Dental resorptions, perforations, vital pulp therapy, trauma and tooth bleaching.

Pre-course requirements

No pre-requisites required 

Objectives

The student will be able to:

Conduct critical analysis of the literature.

Discuss a topic using citations from the current and classical literature.

Know whether the statistical method conforms to what the author wishes to evaluate

List the shortcomings in the methodology

Provide possible improvements to the methodology used

Present a coherent discussion on the different methodological options to evaluate the topic in question

Assess whether the objectives are adequate for the scope of the investigation

Make a critical analysis of the introduction and the discussion of a paper

Evaluate the clinical contribution of the paper

Know the different types of dental resorption

Know the etiology of dental resorptions

Know how to treat dental resorptions

Know the prognosis of dental resorptions

Know indications, technique and prognosis of autotransplantation

Know indications, technique and prognosis of decoronation

Know the predisposing factors for a perforation

Know the factors that affect the prognosis of a perforation

Know how the prognosis of perforations factors have changed since the introduction of MTA

Know how to manage perforations

Know the indications of direct pulp capping, partial pulpotomy and full pulpotomy

Know the prognosis of the modalities of vital pulpal therapy

Know the clinical technique of direct pulp capping, partial pulpotomy and full pulpotomy

Know the factors that influence the prognosis of vital pulp therapy

Diagnose an infraction, enamel fracture, and uncomplicated and complicated dentin fracture.

Know the treatment of an infraction, enamel fracture, and an uncomplicated

and complicated dentin fracture.

Know the prognosis of infraction, enamel fracture, and uncomplicated and complicated dentin fracture.

Diagnose a crown root fracture

Know the treatment of a crown root fracture

Know the prognosis of crown root fracture

Diagnose a horizontal root fracture

Know the treatment of a horizontal root fracture

Know the prognosis of a horizontal root fracture

Diagnose concussion, subluxation, extrusive luxation , lateral luxation and intrusive  luxation

Know the treatment for a concussion, subluxation, extrusive luxation , lateral luxation and intrusive  luxation

Know  the prognosis of a concussion, subluxation, extrusive luxation , lateral luxation and intrusive  luxation.

Know the treatment and prognosis of avulsed tooth

Know CBCT applications for traumatology

Competences / Learning outcomes of the degree programme

Ability to argue and defend one’s own scientific ideas as well as to listen, analyse, evaluate and respond to the ideas of others.

Acquire learning skills that allow the student to continue studying in a self-directed and autonomous mode.

Understand how to provide a basis or opportunity for originality in developing and /or applying ideas in a research context.

Apply acquired knowledge and develop a problem-solving ability in new environments within broader (or multidisciplinary) contexts related to the field of study in question.

Capacity to communicate conclusions to specialised and non-specialised audiences in a clear and unambiguous way.

Know how to apply the appropriate diagnostic techniques and correctly interpret the results derived from them.

Ability to integrate new knowledge acquired through research and study and deal with complexity.

Perform a correct analysis and diagnosis taking into account multidisciplinary factors of the masticatory system

Acquire the skills to apply the scientific method, and to apply the knowledge obtained when solving problems within a scientific sphere..

Be able to diagnose, treat, prevent and pulpoperiapical pathologies and to keep up-to-date in the diagnostic and therapeutic advances that emerge during their professional life.

Acquire the skill to perform endodontic treatments and restorations in patients presenting with pulp pathology, resorptions and dental traumatisms in a multidisciplinary way.

Be able to give presentations of their own clinical cases, based on the literature, using the correct terminology related with to pulpoperiapical pathology, resorptions and dental traumatology.

Acquire the scientific criteria to select the type of material for sealing a perforation and filling a resorption for each case, as well as know how to keep regularly updated about knowledge of bioceramics materials used in endodontics,  how they are used, their properties, indications, biocompatibilities and toxicity.

 

Be able to search and organise biomedical information sources and make a critical analysis of the scientific literature on issues relating to dental resorptions, vital pulp therapy, dental traumatisms, and perforations and bleaching, in order to able to continue their on-going training in a self-directed and autonomous manner.

Recognise and interpret the specialised imaging and diagnostic techniques that may be relevant in the diagnosing resorptions, perforations and dental trauma.

Have autonomy to take a medical history and perform oral explorations in patients with trauma; filling in the clinical record and its clinical progress with the scientific language and terminology expected from a professional in endodontics.

Be able to diagnose, treat, prevent and research into oral disorders and to keep up to date with diagnostic and therapeutic advances that may develop throughout one’s professional career.

Learning outcomes of the subject

The student will be expected to be able to:

 

Understand the pathogenesis of internal resorption, external inflammatory resorption, external replacement resorption and invasive cervical resorption. Understand how different etiological agents can cause root resorption.

Know the dental treatments for different types of root resorptions.

Formulate a diagnosis and prognosis of a tooth with root resorption

Understand the mechanism by which a perforation can cause failure of root canal treatment.

Understand the prognosis of a tooth with a perforation, depending on the characteristics of the perforation.

Choose the best mode and material to repair a perforation, depending on its characteristics

Understand how prognosis of a perforated tooth has varied since the introduction of MTA.

Understand the biological principles on which vital pulp therapy is based

Know when to perform vital pulp therapy

Formulate a prognosis of a tooth that has undergone vital pulp therapy, according to the pre-, intra- and postoperative variables.

Understand the mechanism of action of bleaching agents

Choose from among the different modes of bleaching and products available for each case

Understand how a dental trauma acts on the supporting tissues and the dental pulp.

Manage a dental trauma.

Explain the prognosis of a tooth that has suffered a trauma, according to the type of injury.

 

 

Syllabus

Diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of an internal resorption

Diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of an invasive cervical absorption

Diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of an external inflammatory resorption

Diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of external replacement resorption

Indications, technique and prognosis of an autotransplantation

Indications, technique and prognosis of a decoronation

Predisposing factors of a perforation

Treatment of perforations according to their characteristics

Prognosis of a perforation according to pre-, intra- and postoperative factors

Biological fundamentals of vital pulp therapy

Indications of direct pulp capping, partial pulpotomy and total pulpotomy

Prognosis of vital pulp therapy according to pre-, intra- and postoperative factors

Diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of coronal factures

Diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of crown root fractures 

Diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of root fractures

Diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of dental luxations

Diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of avulsions

Internal and external and bleaching indications

Materials and procedure for internal and external bleaching

Prognosis of internal and external bleaching

Teaching and learning activities

Evaluation systems and criteria

Bibliography and resources

1. Root Resorption
Root Resorption due to Dental Trauma. Martin Trope. Endodontic Topics 2002, 1, 79–100

Tronstad L. Root resorption - etiology, terminology and clinical manifestations. Endod Dent Traumatol 1988; 4: 241-252.

Fuss Z, Tsesis I, Lin S. Root resorption diagnosis, classification and treatment choices based on stimulation factors. Dent Traumatol 2003; 19: 175-82. 5

The Significance of Epithelial Rests of Malassez in the Periodontal Ligament

David Keinan, Robert E. Cohen. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 39, Issue 5, p582–587, 2013

2. Invasive cervical resorption
Invasive cervical resorption. George Heithersay. Endodontic Topics 2004, 7, 73–92.

External Cervical Resorption: A Review. Shanon Patel, Shalini Kanagasingam, Thomas Pitt Ford. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 35, Issue 5, p616–625, 2009.

Invasive cervical reesorption:An analysis of potential predisposing factors. Geoffrey S, Heithersay. Quintessence int 1999:30:83-95.

Treatment of invasive cervical reesorption: An anaiysis of resuits using topical application of trichioracetic acid, curettage, and restoration. Geoffrey S, Heithersay. Quintessence Int 1999:30:96-110.

3. Internal inflammatory root resorption
Internal inflammatory root resorption: the unknown resorption of the tooth. Markus Haapasalo and Unni Endal. Endodontic Topics 2006, 14, 60–79

Cali§kan MK, Tiirkun M. Prognosis of permanent teeth with internal resorption: a clinical review. Endod Dent Traumatol 1997;13: 75-81.

Internal Root Resorption: A Review. Shanon Patel, Domenico Ricucci, Conor Durak, Franklin Tay. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 36, Issue 7, p1107–1121, 2010.

Internal resorption in human teeth—a histological, scanning electron microscopic, and enzyme histochemical study. Cecilia Wedenberg, Lars Zetterqvist Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 13, Issue 6, p255–259:1987.

4. Internal and external root resorption
Differential diagnosis of internal and external root resorption. Arnold H. Gartner, Thomas Mack, Richard G. Somerlott, Lawrence C. Walsh. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 2, Issue 11, p329–334:1976.

Evaluation of Correspondence of Dental Computed Tomography Imaging to Anatomic Observation of External Root Resorption.Kazuhiko Nakata, Munetaka Naitoh, Masahiro Izumi, Eiichiro Ariji, Hiroshi Nakamura. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 35, Issue 11, p1594–1597, 2009.

Durack C, Patel S, Davies J, Wilson R, Mannocci F. Diagnostic accuracy of small volume cone beam computed tomography and intraoral periapical radiography for the detection of simulated external inflammatory root resorption. International Endodontic Journal, 44, 136–147, 2011.

Patel S, Dawood A, Wilson R, Horner K, Mannocci F. The detection and management of root resorption lesions using intraoral radiography and cone beam computed tomography – an in vivo investigation. International Endodontic Journal, 42, 831–838, 2009.

5. Root resorption and orthodontic
Orthodontic root resorption of vital and endodontically treated teeth. Gordon D. Mattison, Helen P. Delivanis, Philip D. Delivanis, Priscilla I. Johns. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 10, Issue 8, p354–358, 1984

Orthodontic external root resorption—Endodontic considerations. Gordon D. Mattison, Lamont R. Gholston, Paul Boyd. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 9, Issue 6, p253–256, 1986.

Periapical replacement resorption of permanent, vital, endodontically treated incisors after orthodontic movement: Report of two cases.I.B. Bender, Margaret R. Byers, Katsuei Mori.Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 23, Issue 12, p768–773,1997.

Hamilton RS, Gutmann JL. Endodontic-orthodontic relationships: a review of integrated treatment planning challenges (Review). International Endodontic Journal, 32, 343±360, 1999.

6. Apical root resorption
Vier FV, Figueiredo JAP. Internal apical resorption and its correlation with the type of apical lesion. International Endodontic Journal, 37, 730–737, 2004

Laux M, Abbott PV, Pajarola G, Nair PNR. Apical inflammatory root resorption: a correlative radiographic and histological assessment. International Endodontic Journal, 33, 483–493, 2000.

Vier FV, Figueiredo JAP. Prevalence of different periapical lesions associated with human teeth and their correlation with the presence and extension of apical external root resorption. International Endodontic Journal, 35, 710^719, 2002.

7. Root Resorption and calcium hydroxide
Effect of Different Endodontic Treatment Protocols on Periodontal Repair and Root Resorption of Replanted Dog Teeth.Martin Trope, Cemil Yesilsoy, Larry Koren, Joshua Moshonov,,and Shimon Friedman. Journal of endodontics 492-96:1992.

Trope M, Moshonov J, Nissan R, Buxt P, Yesilsoy C. Short v^s. long-term calcium hydroxide treatment of established inflammatory- root resorption in replanted dog teeth. Endod Dent Traumatol 1995; 11: 124-128.

Trope M, Moshonov J, Nissan R, Buxt P, Yesilsoy C. Short versus long-term calcium hydroxide treatment of established inflammatory- root resorption in replanted dog teeth. Endod Dent Traumatol 11: 124-128:1995.
The effect of intracanal anti-inflammatory medicaments on external root resorption of replanted dog teeth after extended extra-oral dry time. H. Chen, F. B. Teixeira, A. L. Ritter, L. Levin, M. Trope. Dental Traumatology 2008; 24: 74–78.

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Apical Plugs in Teeth with Open Apical Foramina: A Retrospective Analysis of Treatment Outcome. Johannes Mente, Nathalie Hage, Thorsten Pfefferle, Martin Jean Koch, Jens Dreyhaupt, Hans Joerg Staehle, Shimon Friedman Vol. 35, Issue 10, p1354–1358:2009

8. Decoronation
Ridge Preservation/Decoronation. Barbro Malmgren. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 39, Issue 3, S67–S72: 2013

Alveolar Bone Width Preservation after Decoronation of Ankylosed Anterior Incisors. Shaul Lin, Dvorah Schwarz-Arad, Malka Ashkenazi. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 39, Issue 12, p1542–1544:2013.

Tsukiboshi M. Autotransplantation of teeth: requirements for predictable success. DentTraumatol 2002;18:157^180. # Blackwell Munksgaard, 2002.

9. Autotransplanted
A long-term study of 370 autotransplanted premolars. Part IV. Root development subsequent to transplantation. J. O. Andreasen, H. U. Paulsen, Z. Yu and T. Bayer. J. European Journal of Orrhodonrics 12 (1990) 38-50.

A long-term study of 370 autotransplanted premolars. Part III. Periodontal healing subsequent to transplantation. J. O. Andreasen, H. U. Paulsen, Z. Yu and T. Bayer. J., Schwartz O. European Journal of Orrhodonrics 12 (1990) 25-37.

A long-term study of 370 autotransplanted premolars. Part II. Tooth survival and pulp healing subsequent to transplantation. Andreasen JO1, Paulsen HU, Yu Z, Bayer T, Schwartz O. Eur J Orthod. 1990 Feb;12(1):14-24.

A long-term study of 370 autotransplanted premolars. Part I. Surgical procedures and standardized techniques for monitoring healing. Andreasen JO1, Paulsen HU, Yu Z, Ahlquist R, Bayer T, Schwartz O. Eur J Orthod. 1990 Feb;12(1):3-13.

10. Mechanisms involved in the reabsorption
Bastos JV, Cortes MIS, Silva JFC, Goulart EMA, Colosimo EA, Gomez RS, Dutra WO. A study of the interleukin-1 gene cluster polymorphisms and inflammatory external root resorption in replanted permanent teeth. International Endodontic Journal, 48, 878–887, 2015.

Kumar V, Logani A, Shah N. Dentine sialoprotein expression in gingival crevicular fluid during trauma-induced root resorption. International Endodontic Journal, 46, 371–378, 2013.

Lin YP, Love RM, Friedlander LT, Shang HF, Pai MH. Expression of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 and the OPG–RANKL–RANK system in inflammatory external root resorption and external cervical resorption. International Endodontic Journal, 46, 971–981, 2013.

Iglesias-Linares A, Yanez-Vico RM, Ballesta S, OrtizAriza E, Mendoza-Mendoza A, Perea E, Solano-Reina E.Interleukin 1 gene cluster SNPs (rs1800587, rs1143634) influences post-orthodontic root resorption in endodontic and their contralateral vital control teeth differently. International Endodontic Journal, 45, 1018–1026, 2012.

11. Root resorption
Method to Evaluate Inflammatory Root Resorption by Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Carlos Estrela, Mike Reis Bueno, Ana Helena Gonçalves De Alencar, Rinaldo Mattar, José Valladares Neto, Bruno Correa Azevedo, Cyntia Rodrigues De Araújo Estrela Vol. 35, Issue 11, p1491–1497:2009.

Histological characterization of bleaching-induced external root resorption in dogs. Ilan Rotstein, Shimon Friedman, Chaim Mor, Jonathan Katznelson, Maurice Sommer, Itai Bab Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 17, Issue 9, p436–441:1991

Conservative Management of Class 4 Invasive Cervical Root Resorption Using Calcium-enriched Mixture Cement. Saeed Asgary, Ali Nosrat Publication stage: In Press Corrected Proof Journal of Endodontics 2016

Cementoenamel Junction: Microscopic Analysis and External Cervical Resorption. Lilian Neuvald, Alberto Consolaro Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 26, Issue 9, p503–508:2000.

Prevalence of Internal Inflammatory Root Resorption. Cornel Gabor, Esther Tam, Ya Shen, Markus Haapasalo Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 38, Issue 1, p24–27:2011

Transient Apical Breakdown and Its Relationship with Orthodontic Forces: A Case Report. Oscar Lozano González, Jorge Vera, Marco Salas Orozco, Jaime Trigueros Mancera, Karla Vidal González, Genaro Vega Malagón. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 40, Issue 8, p1265–1267:2014.

Idiopathic root resorption of the entire permanent dentition: systematic review and report of a case. Dental traumatology Volume 24, Issue 4, August 2008, Pages: 490–495, Elif Soğur, Hakkı Dinçer Soğur, B. Güniz Baksı (Akdeniz) and Bilge Hakan Şen.

You have free access to this contentTransient apical breakdown following tooth luxation. Dental traumatology Volume 19, Issue 5, October 2003, Pages: 289–291, Nestor Cohenca, Sunil Karni and Ilan Rotstein

12. Perforations
Surgical repair of root and tooth perforations. JOHN D. REGAN, DAVID E. WITHERSPOON & DEBORAH M. FOYLE. Endodontic Topics 2005, 11, 152–178.

Diagnosis and treatment of accidental root perforations. IGOR TSESIS & ZVI FUSS. Endodontic Topics 2006, 13, 95–107.

An evaluation of the use of amalgam, Cavit, and calcium hydroxide in the repair of furcation perforations. Mahmoud E. ElDeeb, Mohamed ElDeeb, Abbas Tabibi, James R. Jensen. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 8, Issue 10, p459–466:1982
Recall evaluation of latrogenic root perforations repaired with amalgam and gutta-percha. Fred W. Benenati, James B. Roane, John T. Biggs, James H. Simon. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 12, Issue 4, p161–166:1986.

Evaluation of repair of mechanical perforations of the pulp chamber floor using biodegradable tricalcium phosphate or calcium hydroxide. Van T. Himel, Jim Brady Jr., Jim Weir Jr. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 11, Issue 4, p161–165: 1985

Prevalence and Associated Periodontal Status of Teeth with Root Perforation: A Retrospective Study of 2,002 Patients' Medical Records.Igor Tsesis, Ester Rosenberg, Vadim Faivishevsky, Anda Kfir, Menahem Katz, Eyal Rosen. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 36, Issue 5, p797–800:2010.

Reaction of the Lateral Periodontium of Dogs’ Teeth to Contaminated and Noncontaminated Perforations Filled with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate. Roberto Holland, Luciana Bisco Ferreira, Valdir de Souza, José Arlindo Otoboni Filho, Sueli Satomi Murata, Eloi Dezan Jr. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 33, Issue 10, p1192–1197:2007.

Hakki SS, Bozkurt SB, Ozcopur B, Purali N, Belli S. Periodontal ligament fibroblast response to root perforations restored with different materials – a laboratory study. International Endodontic Journal, 45, 240–248, 2012.

Silva MJB, Caliari MV, Sobrinho APR, Vieira LQ, Arantes RME. An in vivo experimental model to assess furcal lesions as a result of perforation. International Endodontic Journal, 42,922–929, 2009.

da Silva GF, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Sasso-Cerri E, Tanomaru-Filho M, Cerri PS. Histological and histomorphometrical evaluation of furcation perforations filled with MTA, CPM and ZOE. International Endodontic Journal, 44, 100–110, 2011.

Evaluation of setting properties and retention characteristics of mineral trioxide aggregate when used as a furcation perforation repair material. S.R. Sluyk, P.C. Moon, G.R. Hartwell. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 24, Issue 11, p768–771:1998.

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate as Repair Material for Furcal Perforation: Case Series. Riccardo Pace, Valentina Giuliani, Gabriella Pagavino.Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 34, Issue 9, p1130–1133:2008.

Repair of Root Perforations Using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate: A Long-term Study. Craig Main, Nina Mirzayan, Shahrokh Shabahang, Mahmoud Torabinejad Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 30, Issue 2, p80–83:2004.

Management of Perforations: Four Cases from Two Private Practices with Medium- to Long-term Recalls. Marga Ree, Richard Schwartz Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 38, Issue 10, p1422–1427:2012

Treatment Outcome after Repair of Root Perforations with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate: A Retrospective Evaluation of 90 Teeth.Christian Krupp, Clemens Bargholz, Martin Brüsehaber, Michael Hülsmann. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 39, Issue 11, p1364–1368:2013.

Treatment Outcome of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate: Repair of Root Perforations—Long-term results. Johannes Mente, Meltem Leo, Dimos Panagidis, Daniel Saure, Thorsten Pfefferle. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 40, Issue 6, p790–796 Published online: March 24 2014.

Retrospective Evaluation of Perforation Repairs in 6 Private Practices. Valérie Pontius, Oliver Pontius, Andreas Braun, Roland Frankenberger, Matthias Johannes Roggendorf. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 39, Issue 11, p1346–1358:2013.

Patient and Clinical Characteristics Associated with Primary Healing of Iatrogenic Perforations after Root Canal Treatment: Results of a Long-term Italian Study.

Fabio G. Gorni, Anita Andreano, Federico Ambrogi, Eugenio Brambilla, Massimo Gagliani Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 42, Issue 2, p211–215:2015.

Treatment Outcome of Repaired Root Perforation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Kailing Siew, Angeline H.C. Lee, Gary S.P. Cheung. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 41, Issue 11, p1795–1804:2015.

Prospective Clinical Study Evaluating Endodontic Microsurgery Outcomes for Cases with Lesions of Endodontic Origin Compared with Cases with Lesions of Combined Periodontal–Endodontic Origin. Euiseong Kim, Jin-Seon Song, Il-Young Jung, Seung-Jong Lee, Syngcuk Kim. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 34, Issue 5, p546–551: 2008

Treatment Outcome in Endodontics: The Toronto Study—Phases 3 and 4: Orthograde Retreatment Cristian de Chevigny, Thuan T. Dao, Bettina R. Basrani, Vincent Marquis, Mahsa Farzaneh, Sarah Abitbol, Shimon Friedman. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 34, Issue 2, p131–137:2007.

The Outcome of Endodontic Retreatment: A 2-yr Follow-up. Fabio G.M. Gorni, Massimo M. Gagliani.Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 30, Issue 1, p1–4. 2004.

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate: A Comprehensive Literature Review—Part I: Chemical, Physical, and Antibacterial Properties. Masoud Parirokh, Mahmoud Torabinejad. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 36, Issue 1, p16–27:2010.

Ng Y-L, Mann V, Gulabivala K. A prospective study of the factors affecting outcomes of nonsurgical root canal treatment: part 1: periapical health. International Endodontic Journal, 44, 583–609, 2011.

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate: A Comprehensive Literature Review—Part II: Leakage and Biocompatibility Investigations. Mahmoud Torabinejad, Masoud Parirokh. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 36, Issue 2, p190–202:2010.

Ng Y-L, Mann V, Gulabivala K. A prospective study of the factors affecting outcomes of non-surgical root canal treatment: part 2: tooth survival. International Endodontic Journal, 44, 610–625, 2011.

Ng Y-L, Mann V, Gulabivala K. Outcome of secondary root canal treatment: a systematic review of the literature. International Endodontic Journal, 41, 1026–1046, 2008.

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate: A Comprehensive Literature Review—Part III: Clinical Applications, Drawbacks, and Mechanism of Action.Masoud Parirokh, Mahmoud Torabinejad. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 36, Issue 3, p400–413:2010

Bargholz C. Perforation repair with mineral trioxide aggregate: a modified matrix concept. International Endodontic Journal, 38, 59–69, 2005.

Rafter M, Baker M, Alves M, Daniel J, Remeikis N.Evaluation of healing with use of an internal matrix to repair furcation perforations. International Endodontic Journal, 35, 775-783, 2002.

Management of Longstanding Furcation Perforation Using a Novel Approach. Adham A. Azim, Adam Lloyd, George T.-J. Huang Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 40, Issue 8, p1255–1259: 2014

Zou L, Liu J, Yin S-H, Tan J, Wang F-M, Li W, Xue J. Effect of placement of calcium sulphate when used for the repair of furcation perforations on the seal produced by a resin based material. International Endodontic Journal, 40, 100–105, 2007.

The Use of Cone-beam Computed Tomography and Digital Periapical Radiographs to Diagnose Root Perforations. Hagay Shemesh, Roberto C. Cristescu, Paul R. Wesselink, Min-Kai Wu. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 37, Issue 4, p513–516: 2011.

Assessment of Root Perforation within Simulated Internal Resorption Cavities Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography. Leila Khojastepour, Fariborz Moazami, Mahbod Babaei, Maryam Forghani Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 41, Issue 9, p1520–1523:2015

Map-reading Strategy to Diagnose Root Perforations Near Metallic Intracanal Posts by Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Mike Reis Bueno, Carlos Estrela, José Antônio Poli De Figueiredo, Bruno Correa Azevedo. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 37, Issue 1, p85–90:2010.

An Ex Vivo Comparison of Diagnostic Accuracy of Cone-beam Computed Tomography and Periapical Radiography in the Detection of Furcal Perforations.

The Importance of Cone-beam Computed Tomography in the Management of Endodontic Problems: A Review of the Literature. Tadas Venskutonis, Gianluca Plotino, Gintaras Juodzbalys, Lina Mickevičienė. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 40, Issue 12, p1895–1901:2014

Treatment of a Perforating Inflammatory External Root Resorption with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Histologic Examination after Extraction. Juan Gonzalo Olivieri, Fernando Duran-Sindreu, Montse Mercadé, Noelia Pérez, Miguel Roig. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 38, Issue 7, p1007–1011: 2012.


The Effect of Acidity on Dislodgment Resistance of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Bioaggregate in Furcation Perforations: An In Vitro Comparative Study. Ahmed Abdel Rahman Hashem, Suzan Abdul Wanees Amin. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 38, Issue 2, p245–249: 2011.

Wang Z, Ma J, Shen Y, Haapasalo M. Acidic pH weakens the microhardness and microstructure of three tricalcium silicate materials. International Endodontic Journal, 48, 323–332, 2015.

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Repair of a Perforating Internal Resorption in a Mandibular Molar. Maarten Meire, Roeland De Moor. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 34, Issue 2, p220–223: 2008.

Intraoperative Endodontic Applications of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography. Randy L. Ball, Joao V. Barbizam, Nestor Cohenca. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 39, Issue 4, p548–557:2013

13. Vital pulp therapy
Management of teeth with vital pulps and open ápices. ENDODONTIC TOPICS. Volume 23, Issue 1, September 2010, Pages: 79–104, Ibrahim Abu-Tahun and Mahmoud Torabinejad

Vital pulp therapy for the mature tooth – can it work?. ENDODONTIC TOPICS. Volume 5, Issue 1, July 2003, Pages: 49–56, EDWARD J. SWIFT JR., MARTIN TROPE and ANDRÉ V. RITTER

Pulp preservation in immature permanent teeth. ENDODONTIC TOPICS. Volume 23, Issue 1, September 2010, Pages: 131–152, George Bogen and Nicholas P. Chandler

The pulp healing process: from generation to regeneration, ENDODONTIC TOPICS. Volume 26, Issue 1, March 2012, Pages: 41–56, Stéphane Simon, Anthony J. Smith, Philip J. Lumley, Paul R. Cooper and Ariane Berda.

Dentin–pulp regeneration: the primordial role of the microenvironment and its modification by traumatic injuries and bioactive materials. ENDODONTIC TOPICS. Volume 28, Issue 1, March 2013, Pages: 61–89, Imad About

You have full text access to this contentTreatment outcome of vital pulp treatment. ENDODONTIC TOPICS. Volume 2, Issue 1, July 2002, Pages: 24–34, Preben Hørsted-Bindslev and Henrik Løvschall

Depth and Activity of Carious Lesions as Indicators for the Regenerative Potential of Dental Pulp after Intervention. Lars Bjørndal , Sune Demant, Sally Dabelsteen. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 40, Issue 4, S76–S81. 2014.

Dentin and pulp reactions to caries and operative treatment: biological variables affecting treatment outcome. ENDODONTIC TOPICS. Volume 3, Issue 1, November 2002, Pages: 123–136, Lars Bjørndal

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Correlation between Clinical and Histologic Pulp Diagnoses. Domenico Ricucci, Simona Loghin, José F. Siqueira Jr.. Journal of Endodontics, Vol. 40, Issue 12, p1932–1939:2014.

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