Subject

Applied Pathology

  • code 12483
  • course 2
  • term Semester 1
  • type OB
  • credits 6

Module: ADVANCED TRAINING

Matter: MEDICINE II

Main language of instruction: Spanish

Other languages of instruction: Catalan, English

Timetable
group M
 Sem.1  WE 10:00 12:00 
 Sem.1  TH 10:00 12:00 

Teaching staff

Introduction

During the development of this subject, essential concepts will be studied so that the student can approach the patient with pathology of the Musculoskeletal System knowing the causes, symptoms and manifestations, and therapeutic measures of the main nosological entities included in it.

With the development of the subject, it will be addressed the fundamental principles of the Orthopedics, the semiology allowing the diagnosis of the pathological entities, some basic syndromes, congenital and developmental anomalies, pathologies of the upper, lower and spine, sport pathology, and tumor pathology.

The non-operative options and the surgical procedures to treat those pathologies will be studied in relation to the ortho-prosthetic current procedures, determining the indications of each one of them.

Pre-course requirements

Previous knowledge of the Anatomy, Physiology and Biomechanics of the Locomotor Apparatus is required.

Objectives

1. Acquire basic knowledge about orthopedic pathology.

2. Know the mechanical and functional manifestations of the altered musculoskeletal system, thus detecting the signs and symptoms that constitute the fundamental basis to define a disease and to diagnose it.

3. Acquire basic knowledge in the assessment of osteoarticular pathology.

4. Acquire the ability to establish with an adequate hierarchical order the complementary explorations that facilitate the diagnosis in musculoskeletal pathology and to interpret each particular case.

5. Identify the opportune therapeutic indication, know the different technical options, their possibilities, risks and complications, with special interest in differentiating the indications of surgical and non-surgical treatment.

6. Become familiar with medical terminology.

7. Become familiar with the prognosis of the different processes.

8. Know the monitoring protocols.

9. Introduce the student in the concepts of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) applied to the Pathology of the Musculskeletal System, instilling in the student the way of thinking and acting according to the scientific method.

10. Facilitate self-learning, learning to manage the appropriate bibliography, as well as the techniques of study and selection of information.

Competences / Learning outcomes of the degree programme

  • CB1 - Students must demonstrate that they have and understand knowledge in an area of study based on general secondary education. This knowledge should be of a level that, although based on advanced textbooks, also includes some of the cutting-edge elements from their field of study.
  • CB2 - Students must know how to apply their knowledge to their work or vocation in a professional way and have the competences that are demonstrated through the creation and defence of arguments and the resolution of problems within their field of study.
  • CB3 - Students must have the ability to bring together and interpret significant data (normally within their area of study) and to issue judgements that include a reflection on important issues that are social, scientific or ethical in nature.
  • CB4 - Students can transmit information, ideas, problems and solutions to specialist and non-specialist audiences.
  • CB5 - Students have developed the necessary learning skills to undertake subsequent studies with a high degree of autonomy.
  • CE15 - The ability to undertake a project through the use of data sources, the application of methodologies, research techniques and tools specific to Bioengineering, give a presentation and publicly defend it to a specialist audience in a way that demonstrates the acquisition of the competences and knowledge that are specific to this degree programme.
  • CE16 - To apply specific Bioengineering terminology both verbally and in writing in a foreign language.
  • CE17 - To be able to identify the engineering concepts that can be applied in the fields of biology and health.
  • CE8 - To hold a dialogue based on critical thinking on ideas connected to the main dimensions of the human being
  • CG10 - To know how to work in a multilingual and multidisciplinary environment.
  • CG2 - To promote the values that are specific to a peaceful culture, thus contributing to democratic coexistence, respect for human rights and fundamental principles such as equality and non-discrimination.
  • CG3 - To be able to learn new methods and theories and be versatile so as to adapt to new situations.
  • CG4 - To resolve problems based on initiative, be good at decision-making, creativity, critical reasoning and communication, as well as the transmission of knowledge, skills and prowess in the field of Bioengineering
  • CG7 - To analyse and evaluate the social and environmental impact of technical solutions
  • CG8 - To apply quality principles and methods.
  • CT2 - The ability to link welfare with globalisation and sustainability; to acquire the ability to use skills, technology, the economy and sustainability in a balanced and compatible manner.
  • CT3 - To know how to communicate learning results to other people both verbally and in writing, and well as thought processes and decision-making; to participate in debates in each particular specialist areas.
  • CT4 - To be able to work as a member of an interdisciplinary team, whether as a member or by management tasks, with the aim of contributing to undertaking projects based on pragmatism and a feeling of responsibility, taking on commitment while bearing the resources available in mind.
  • CT5 - To use information sources in a reliable manner. To manage the acquisition, structuring, analysis and visualisation of data and information in your specialist area and critically evaluate the results of this management.
  • CT6 - To detect gaps in your own knowledge and overcome this through critical reflection and choosing better actions to broaden your knowledge.
  • CT7 - To be fluent in a third language, usually English, with a suitable verbal and written level that is in line with graduate requirements.

Learning outcomes of the subject

RA1. To know how to do a medical history oriented to the pathology of the locomotor system unsupervised and with competence.

RA2. To be able  to recognize by means of the physical examination anomalies in articulations (mobility, morphology, inflammatory signs) and spine (mobility, static), unsupervised and with competence.

RA3. To be able to indicate and interpret the complementary analytical and image studies in the locomotor apparatus with competence and without supervision.

RA4. - To have practiced the basic semiological interpretation of the simple radiology of the locomotor apparatus under supervision of the tutor.

RA5. Having seen practicing arthrocentesis by an expert.

RA6. Having seen practicing arthroscopy and more frequent surgical interventions by experts.

RA7. Have seen practicing infiltrations by an expert.

RA8. Recognize, diagnose and guide the management of tendinitis and bursitis.

RA9. Recognize, diagnose and guide the management of joint deformities.

RA10. Recognize, diagnose and guide the management of bone and soft tissue tumors.

RA11. Recognize, diagnose and guide the management of static alterations of the spine.

RA12. To know the congenital anomalies of the Musculoskeletal System.

RA13. To know the pediatric pathology of the extremities and of the spine.

RA14. To know the general indications of the main surgical techniques.

RA15. To know the complications of the main surgical techniques.

RA16. To know the sequelae on the locomotor system of neurological affections.

RA17. To know the amputations.

RA17. To know the indication of prosthesis, splints, supports for walking, etc.

RA18. To know the indication of physiotherapy and therapy with physical agents.

Syllabus

1. Fundamentals of Orthopedics.

2. The patient: function and disability.

3. Physical assessment of the Musculoskeletal System.

4. Interpretation of imaging tests in pathology of the locomotor system.

5. Inflammation in the Musculoskeletal System.

6. Repair processes.

7. Congenital and developmental abnormalities of the extremities.

8. Length discrepancies and alterations of axes of the lower extremities.

9. Pathology of foot and ankle. Flat foot, cavo, talo, valgo, talalgias and metatarsalgias, hallux valgus and rigidus, painful syndromes of foot and ankle.

10. Normal and pathological gait.

 

11. Myopathies.

 

12. Neuro-orthopedics. Paralysis.

 

13. Involutive phenomena. Orthogeriatry

 

14. The rheumatic patient.

15. Deformities and deviations of the spine.

16. Back pain.

17. Sports pathology.

18. Bone and soft tissue tumor and paratumoral lesions.

19. Amputations of the upper extremity.

20. Amputations of the lower extremity.

21. The amputee.

22. Pathology of the stump.

23. Other surgical procedures that need to be known.

24. Physiotherapy and rehabilitation in the different processes of the Musculoskeletal System.

25. Neurosciences.

26. Working on Scientific Evidence.

Teaching and learning activities

In person

TRAINING ACTIVITYMETHODOLOGYCOMPETENCES
Lectures are the setting for: learning and managing the terminology and language structures related to each scientific field. Practicing and developing oral and written communication skills. And learning how to analyse the bibliography and literature on Bioengineering. Using guidelines to identify and understand the main ideas during lectures. This academic activity has been an essential tool in education since it first began and should have a significant presence within the framework of this degree programme.
Case studies are a learning technique in which the subject is faced with a description of a specific situation that involves a problem, that must be understood, evaluated and resolved by a group of people through a process of debate. Case studies will generally be undertaken through group work, which promotes student participation, thus developing their critical thinking skills. It also prepares students for decision-making, teaching them to defend their arguments and contrast them with opinions from others in the group.
Student activities guided by the lecturer/professor will be undertaken on-site and the student’s evolution will be monitored consistently.
In theory classes the fundamental and scientific knowledge that forms the basis of the knowledge and rigour that engineering studies require must be established.
Individual work, involving study, the search for information, data processing and the internalisation of knowledge will allow students to consolidate their learning.
The idea is to provide students with interactive tutorials, in which the lecturer/professor responds to a request for information from the student. If necessary, the tutor will hold a debate with the student.

Evaluation systems and criteria

In person

Final exam: 1st call, Wednesday, January 9, 2019; second call, June 20, 2019.

The subject is passed or failed in its entirety.

The mark will be obtained through the performance of multiple choice questions. Each question answered correctly will be worth one point.

The note may be improved by performing a written work analyzing a clinical case of a patient with a musculoskeletal pathology that is a tributary of orthopedic care. The Professor will provide the clinical data, the complementary exams and the diagnosis of the corresponding case to each student who requests it, for the further description of the entity, analysis, proposal of action and discussion in view of what exists in the literature.

The work should be presented in DIN-A4, with font Times New Roman, font size 12, double-spaced, with 6-8 bibliographical references. You may request to provide a copy of the works cited.

The deadline for submission will be the final exam on second call and the maximum value that may be awarded to such work is 10 points.


 

Important considerations:

  1. Plagiarism, copying or any other action that may be considered cheating will be zero in that evaluation section. Besides, plagiarism during exams will mean the immediate failing of the whole subject.
  2. In the second-sitting exams, the maximum grade students will be able to obtain is "Excellent" (grade with honors distinction will not be possible).
  3. Changes of the calendar, exam dates or the evaluation system will not be accepted.
  4. Exchange students (Erasmus and others) or repeaters will be subjected to the same conditions as the rest of the students.

Bibliography and resources

Traumatología y Ortopedia para el grado de Medicina. Fernando Marco Martinez. Ed. Elsevier, 2015.

Manual de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología. Sociedad Española de Traumatología y Cirugía Ortopédica (SECOT). Ed. Panamericana, 2010.

Orthopedic Physical Assessment Atlas and Video: Selected Special Tests and Movements. Magee & Sueki. Elsevier, 2011.

Websites related to the different topics will be provided during the course to guarantee its update.

Evaluation period

E: exam date | R: revision date | 1: first session | 2: second session:

  • E1 09/01/2020 10:00h A17
  • E2 25/06/2020 10:00h
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