Universitat Internacional de Catalunya
Paediatric Dentistry 1
Other languages of instruction: Catalan, English
Teaching staff
Monday 9am-1pm (Dr. Francisco Guinot), Tuesday 4pm-6pm (Dr. Cristina Requena) and Friday 9am-1pm (Dr. Francisco Guinot)
Introduction
It is widely accepted that the oral health of infants, children and adolescents has a significant influence on the overall health of the child population and, despite progress, it will take some time before certain oral alterations can be eradicated. It is therefore important that there are dentists who are prepared to deal with the most common oral problems in the paediatric population and, in turn, to research and teach in this field.
The subject Pediatric Dentistry 1 is the first of the subjects taught in the degree of Dentistry within the specialty, whose aim is to achieve the basic objectives of this. The subject is divided into 3 blocks: theoretical part, preclinical part of laboratory and clinical part of direct work on the child patient in the University Dental Clinic (CUO) of the Faculty of Dentistry of the UIC.
Pre-course requirements
There are no prerequisites
Objectives
Affective area:
I treat of trust and collaboration with the teachers. Favorable attitude and ability to work in team. Critical attitude to the novelties of the odontopediátrico, trying to detect what is objective and scientific. Promote the importance of pediatric care.
Cognitive area:
The aim is for the student to obtain the necessary knowledge through master classes to be able to diagnose and propose a comprehensive treatment plan in the child patient, through the knowledge of basic odontopediatric techniques. Similarly, the aim is to encourage the spread of pediatric dental care to the patient so that society assumes the importance of these for the future oral health of the child.
On the other hand, we will try to promote in the undergraduate student a critical attitude to the novelties in the field of children’s dentistry, so that it is able to detect what is objective and scientific.
Psychomotor area:
To acquire the manual ability during the laboratory practices in those procedures that the student must execute later in the University Dental Clinic.
Competences/Learning outcomes of the degree programme
- 20 - Obtaining and creating a medical record containing all the relevant information.
- 21 - Knowing how to undertake a full dental exam, including the necessary X-ray and complementary exploratory tests, as well as obtaining suitable clinical references.
- 22 - Having the ability to make an initial diagnostic judgement and establish a reasonable diagnostic strategy, as well as being competent in recognising situations that require urgent dental treatment.
- 23 - Establishing a diagnosis, prognosis and suitable treatment planning for all the different clinical areas of Dentistry, being competent in terms of the diagnosis, prognosis and writing up the dental care plan for patients who require special care, including medically compromised patients (such as diabetics, those with hypertension, a depressed immune system or are anticoagulated, etc) and patients with disabilities.
- 24 - Recognising situations in which lives are at risk and knowing how to provide basic life-support.
- 25 - Being aware of and applying basic treatment for the most common dental pathology in patients of all ages. The treatment procedures must be based on the concept of minimally invasive surgery and an overall and comprehensive focus on dental treatment.
- 26 - Knowing how to plan and undertake multidisciplinary, sequential and comprehensive dental treatment of limited complexity for patients of all ages and conditions and for patients who require special care.
- 27 - Outlining and proposing suitable preventative measures for each clinical situation.
- 28 - Acquiring clinical experience under suitable supervision.
- 37 - Undertaking the x-rays that are necessary in dental practice, interpreting the images obtained and learning about other important image-based diagnosis techniques
- 38 - Being aware of clinical and laboratory-based procedures and diagnostic tests, knowing their reliability and diagnostic viability and being competent in interpreting the results
- 40 - Identifying the main reason for the consultation and the history of the current disease. Creating a general medical record and a clinical record which accurately reflect the patient's notes
- 42 - Handling, distinguishing and selecting the tools and materials that are suitable for dentistry
- 43 - Having knowledge of dental biomaterial: in terms of handling, properties, instructions, allergies, biocompatibility, toxicity and eliminating residues as well as their environmental impact
- 44 - Knowing about and being able to use the basic tools and equipment for dental practice
- 64 - Undertaking basic oral and dental pathology treatments for patients of all ages. The treatment procedures should be minimally invasive and based on a comprehensive and integrated approach to oral and dental treatment
- 65 - Diagnosing, planning and undertaking, at a general level, multidisciplinary, sequential and integrated treatment of limited complexity for patients of all ages and conditions and patients with special needs (diabetes, hypertension, oncological diseases, transplants, immune-depression, anti-clotting, etc.) or disabilities. Specifically the dentist should be competent in establishing a diagnosis, a prognosis and developing a suitable treatment plan, particularly in terms of orofacial pain, temporo-mandibular disorders, bruxism and other parafunctions; dental and periapical pathology; oral and dental trauma; periodontal and peri-implanted tissue pathologies; pathology of the mandibular bone, of soft oral tissue and annex glands; states of partial or total edentation and planning rehabilitation treatment via dento-muco supported prostheses, or dental impants, dental malpositions or malocculusions and other anatomical or functional alterations of the face or the stomatognathic system and their potential orthodontic, orthopaedic or surgical corrections
- 66 - Taking and interpreting x-rays and other image-based procedures that are important in dental practice
- 67 - Creating diagnostic models, setting them up and taking inter-occlusal registrations
- 68 - Determining and identifying the aesthetic requirements of patients and the possibility of resolving their concerns
- 70 - Evaluating motor and sensory oral, mandibular and annex function
- 72 - Appropriate medical prescriptions, while being aware of their guidelines and warnings, systemic effects and repercussions on other organs
- 73 - Applying loco-regional anaesthetic techniques
- 74 - Preparing and isolating the operatory field
- 76 - Identifying and dealing with any dental emergencies
- 79 - Treating dento-alveolar trauma in temporary and permanent dentitions
- 81 - Evaluating and treating patients with caries or other dental non-carious pathologies and being able to use all the material required for restoring the shape, function and aesthetics of the tooth in patients of all ages
- 82 - Designing, preparing teeth, prescribing, recording, doing clinical tests, fitting and putting indirect restorations into service: incrustations, veneers or aesthetic laminate veneers and unitary crowns
- 83 - Treating destructive processes and dento-alveolar trauma injuries via operations
- 84 - Undertaking endodontic treatment and applying procedures to preserve pulp vitality
- 85 - Undertaking conventional aesthetic procedures from a multidisciplinary perspective
- 88 - To undertake non-surgical treatment for temporo-mandibular disorders and oro-facial pain
- 90 - To identify and correct oral habits that are susceptible to causing or exacerbating malocclusions
Learning outcomes of the subject
- 4.015 - Identify the anatomic and dental structures in panoramic radiographs, periapical and bitewing
- 4.016 - - Perform the following treatments in phantoms with primary teeth: making records with alginate, sealed pits and fissures, isolation of the operative field with a rubber dam, cavities Class I, II, II, IV, V, VI, filling cavities class I, II, III, IV, V, VI with composed materials, pulpotomies and pulpectomies, placing preformed steel crowns, extensive reconstructions in the first permanent molar, splints, veneers of material composed in primary incisive
- 4.017 - Perform a diagnosis and treatment plan for children
- 4.018 - Demonstrate the ability to communicate with a child and a parent or guardian
- 4.019 - Conduct prophylaxis and demonstrations of proper oral hygiene adapted to the patient's age
- 4.020 - Demonstrate the ability to isolate the operative field with a rubber dam in children
- 4.021 - Perform sealed pits and fissures in primary and permanent dentition with and without enameloplasty
- 4.022 - Perform cavities class I and II in second molars
- 4.023 - Use correctly the composite materials for sealing cavities
- 4.024 - Perform simple extractions of primary molars.
- 4.036 - Learn how to act with the patient prior to the placement of a rubber dam
- 4.037 - Perform dam placement technique using the clamp first and then the paste
- 4.038 - Perform placement technique using rubber dam and then the first clamp
- 4.039 - Perform the technique of placing the dam carrying simultaneously the clamp and rubber
- 4.040 - Choose the correct clamp according to the tooth to isolate
- 4.041 - Dominate the absolute isolation technique of an hemi arcade
- 4.048 - Master the clinical technique of carving a cavity class I for composite
- 4.049 - Master the clinical technique of sealing a class I composite cavity
- 4.050 - Make a formwork with the matrix system Auto matrix
- 4.051 - Perform a formwork with preformed sectional matrix system and separation rings
- 4.052 - Selecting the most suitable formwork system to the characteristics of each cavity
- 4.053 - Perform the clinical technique of carving a class II cavity for composite
- 4.054 - Master the clinical technique of carving a class II cavity for composite
- 4.055 - Select properly the matrix for each specific cavity class III
- 4.056 - Carve a cavity Class III in different clinical situations
- 4.057 - Place properly the placement of the matrix prior to the insertion of the composite
- 4.058 - Seal properly a cavity class III
- 4.059 - Select the finishing and polishing system more suitable depending on the configuration of each specific cavity class III
- 4.060 - Make the polish of the filling Class III of composite
- 4.061 - Perform a test restoration into a cavity of class IV
- 4.062 - Make a palatine mask for a class IV cavity
- 4.063 - Carve a cavity Class IV for a good retention and aesthetic of the sealing material
- 4.064 - Seal a cavity of class IV by stratification
- 4.065 - Polish fillings composite class IV
- 4.066 - Master the clinical technique of making a composite class V cavity
- 4.067 - Master the clinical technique of sealing a class V composite cavity
- 4.080 - Diagnose not caries dental pathology in a patient
- 4.081 - Give a treatment plan for a patient with not caries dental pathology
- 4.082 - Determine the caries risk of a patient
- 4.083 - Establish treatment plans in a patient with a high risk for tooth decay
- 4.084 - Use diagnostic means of dental caries
- 4.085 - Diagnose caries harms
- 4.087 - Remove the carious tissue from a carious lesion with maximum respect to the remaining tooth structure
- 4.088 - Select the means of removing carious dentin according to the characteristics of the lesion
- 4.089 - Perform a proper medical history to assess the state of the pulp
- 4.091 - List the usual conducts and the most frequent variations in each tooth of the Arcade
- 4.092 - Adopt the appropriate therapeutic approach to the different pulp and periapical entities that require root canal treatment
- 4.093 - Isolate the operative field properly for a root canal treatment
- 4.094 - Plan Properly the root canal treatment
- 4.095 - Identify the material and instrumental useful in endodontics
- 4.096 - Perform correct camera openings and locate the entrances to the root canals
- 4.097 - Implement properly the ducts
- 4.098 - Fill properly the ducts
- 4.103 - Reconstruct with direct materials an endodontic tooth
- 4.112 - Know the development of teething and tooth eruption
- 4.113 - Know and diagnose abnormalities of eruption
- 4.114 - Understand the processes of growth and dent skeletal development and know its clinical application
- 4.117 - Know how to make a proper patient history
- 4.118 - Know how to make a proper oral and practical examination of the patient
- 4.123 - Recognize normal and pathological anatomical structures in a panoramic, periapical and occlusal radiography
Syllabus
- Reason for enquiry.
- Family, personal and dental history.
- Clinical examination: extraoral and intraoral examination.
- Dental and radiographic examination.
- Informed consent.
TOPIC 2: Anatomy of Temporal Dentition
- Anatomical terms.
- Age of primary teething eruption.
- Age of primary teething exfoliation.
- Nomenclature.
- Dental anatomical parts.
- Morphological characteristics of primary teeth.
TOPIC 3: Development of Dentition. Dentinogenesis
- Stages of odontogenesis.
- Dental organ and the dental structure that are derived.
- Dental alterations of each stage of dentistry.
- Eruption sequence.
- Alterations and eruptive disorders in temporary and permanent dentition.
TOPIC 4: Dentition abnormalities
- Number anomalies
- Size anomalies.
- Shape anomalies.
- Structural anomalies
- Colour anomalies
TOPIC 5: Local anesthesia in Pediatric Dentistry
- Mechanism of action.
- Types of local anesthetics.
- Calculation of the maximum recommended dose.
- Local anesthesia techniques.
- Complications during and after local anesthesia.
TOPIC 6: Psychological development of the child
- General characteristics of children in different ages.
- Fear and anxiety.
- Factors determining the conduct of the child in the consultation.
- Most feared aspects.
- Acceptance of dental treatment.
TOPIC 7: Conduct Management I
- The non-cooperative child.
- Communication techniques.
- Behaviour modification techniques.
TOPIC 8: Conduct Management II
- Limitation techniques.
- Prohibited techniques.
- Other techniques.
TOPIC 9: Operational Field Isolation
- Isolation techniques.
- Objectives of absolute isolation.
- Material necessary for absolute insulation.
- Rubber dam laying techniques.
TOPIC 10: Pit and fissure sealants
- Types of sealants.
- Indications and contraindications for the placement of sealants.
- Instructions for placing a pit and fissure sealant.
- Disputes concerning sealants.
TOPIC 11: Exodontics in Pediatric Dentistry
- Reasons for exodoncy.
- Material required.
- Steps of extraction.
- Complications of extraction.
- Post-exodontia guidelines. TOPIC 12: Maintenance of space
- Introduction.
- Cause for placement of a maintainer.
- Considerations of space loss.
- Classification of maintainers.
- Indications of fixed maintainers.
- Indications of removable maintainers.
TOPIC 13: Pharmacology in Pediatric Dentistry
- Basic pharmacokinetic stages.
- Most commonly used antibiotics and analgesics/anti-inflammatory drugs.
- When to administer each type of drug.
- Dosage calculation.
- Errors in dosage and administration of drugs.
Practical contents:
TOPIC 1: Clinical history and intraoral radiography in children
TOPIC 2: Orthopantomography in children
TOPIC 3: Lower impressions
TOPIC 4: Higher Impressions
TOPIC 5: Zocalado
TOPIC 6: rubber dam isolation for restorative treatment i
TOPIC 7: Sealing of pits and fissures
TOPIC 8: Therapeutic Restorations with Glass Ionomer
TOPIC 9: Class I cavities
TOPIC 10: Lower class II cavities
TOPIC 11: Upper class II cavities
Teaching and learning activities
In person
The following teaching techniques will be used:
- Theoretical lessons. For the best understanding of the class, the student will be given, via moodle, 2 scientific articles related to each of the lessons taught.The content of these articles will also form part of the theoretical content of the subject, as well as the theoretical examination.
- Preclinical practical sessions.
- Specialised seminars.
- Practical demonstrations.
Evaluation systems and criteria
In person
Assessment subject:
Final theoretical examination: 40 per cent of the final grade of the subject
The theoretical exam will consist of 40 test questions with 5 possible answers, and only one correct one, with a time of 1 minute per question to answer. The wrongly answered questions will subtract 0.25 points. The theoretical examination is approved from a minimum grade of 5 out of 10.
For the best understanding of the class, the student will be given, via moodle, 2 scientific articles related to each of the lessons taught.The content of these articles will also form part of the theoretical content of the subject, as well as the theoretical examination.
Continuous evaluation (pre-clinical practices): 45 per cent of the final grade of the subject
Continuous evaluation (CUO practices): 15 per cent of the final grade of the subject
To pass, a minimum grade of 5 is required in the three sections of the subject to be able to complete the average.
Continuous evaluation of preclinical practices (45 per cent of the final grade of the subject):
The internships will consist of:
- Theory of laboratory practices taught online.
- Resolution of a Clinical Case of Pediatric Dentistry 1. 20% of the note of practice.
- Weekly Laboratory practice. 40% of the practice note.
- Practical laboratory examination. 40% of the practice note.
- Theory of laboratory practices delivered online
The theory of all practices shall be presented at the beginning of each.
- Resolution of a clinical case of Pediatric Dentistry 1
At the end of the semester there will be the resolution of one clinical case of pediatric dentistry, in which the student will have to apply the knowledge obtained in the subject Pediatric Dentistry 1. It will have a maximum of 500 words to solve the clinical case. The evaluation of the clinical case will be carried out in person and individually, without being able to count on support material for the resolution of clinical cases. Clinical cases will be related to clinical situations worked during the course of the course.
The Professor responsible for the subject will contact the students to inform them about the functioning of this part of the assessment of the subject Pediatric Dentistry 1.
- Laboratory practice
Each practice day will be evaluated with a score of 0 to 10.
Internship attendance is compulsory. Only those due to serious illness, accident and/or death will be considered as justified misdemeanours. In case of justified fault, the proof of the same must be delivered to the responsible teacher at the latest one week after the same (via email).
The following situations may imply a decrease in the qualification of the practice:
Lack of material (dressing gown, rotating material and/or fantomas)
Do not finish the practice in the set time.
Do not work inside the mouth of the fantoma that simulates a patient in the practices indicated.
Leave the lab during practice time.
The practice will be scored zero in the following cases:
If the student does not attend the practice in an unjustified way or with a delay of more than 15 minutes.
Whether the attitude of the student or the quality of the work is very deficient.
If the student disrespects the teachers or auxiliary staff
If the student alters the order of good coexistence in the laboratory.
Practical laboratory examination
A theoretical and practical examination will be carried out in the laboratory.
The practical examination will consist of the performance of two procedures that have been carried out during the semester. It will count 80% of the note of the examination.
The theoretical examination will consist of 10 short-answer questions on the theory of practices taught online. He’ll count 20% of the test score.
Teacher responsible for each practice group
- Alexandra Trullàs. Responsible M3. Email: alexandra.trullas@uic.es
- Laura Muñoz. Head M1. Email: lauramunoz@uic.es
- Alex Rivera. Head M2. Email: rivera@uic.es
Compulsory material that the student has to bring to all internships
- White coat
- Protective goggles
- Gloves
- Mask
- Rotating material (turbine and counter-angle)
- Children’s fantomas. (Contributed by the university, but the student will be responsible for bringing it to each practice)
Bibliography and resources
- Andreasen JO. Lesiones dentarias traumáticas., Ed. Panamericana. Madrid, 1990.
- Barberia E, Boj JR, Catala M, Garcia M, Mendoza A. Odontopediatría, Ed. Masson. Barcelona, 1995.
- Boj JR, Catalá M, Mendoza A, Planells P, Cortés O. Odontopediatría. Bebés, niños y adolescentes. 1ª Edición (Ciudad de México); Odontología Books, 2019.
- Mc.Donald R, Avery D. Odontología Pediátrica y del Adolescente. Ed. Mosby/Doyma Libros, 1995.
- Pinkham JR. Odontología pediátrica, Ed. Interamericana,1996.
- Snawder KD. Manual de odontopediatría clínica.,Ed. Labor. Barcelona, 1995.
- Manuscripts selected from the journals Pediatric Dentistry, International Journal of Pediatric Dentistry, European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry, European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry y Dental Traumatology.
Evaluation period
- E1 09/01/2023 A16 10:00h
- E1 09/01/2023 A03 10:00h
- E1 09/01/2023 A21 10:00h
- R1 27/01/2023 A10 12:00h
- E2 19/06/2023 A01 10:30h
- R2 03/07/2023 A09 09:30h