Universitat Internacional de Catalunya - Barcelona

Microbiology and Immunology

• code 07875
• course 1
• term Semester 2
• type FB
• credits 6

Module: Basic biomedical sciences relevant in dentistry

Matter: Microbiology and Immunology

Main language of instruction: Spanish

Other languages of instruction: Catalan, English

If the student is enrolled for the English track then classes for that subject will be taught in the same language and also in Catalan.

Head instructor

Dra. Andrea Natalia RICCO - anricco@uic.es

Office hours

Professors:

                                Responsible: Natalia Ricco (anricco@uic.es)

                                Others:

                                   Jordi Mas (jmas@uic.es)

Contact  : anricco@uic.es

Microbiology and immunology, from the point of view of a health professional,are two sides of the same coin. The first is dedicated to the study of a broad group of living organisms with which we coexist and establish different degrees of interactions. In addition to economic reasons, we will focus in the ability of many microorganisms to cause diseases in humans. The immunology, on the other hand, deals with the mechanisms disposed by the human body to protect against the infections caused by, among others, the microorganisms.

Students must have a previous knowledge in biochemistry, human genetics, molecular biology, cellular biology. The student`s access route assures the basic knowledge needed to follow the present subject.

The first goal of this subject is to provide the student with knowledge about the characteristics and peculiarities of a broad variety of organisms with which we establish a number of steady interactions as well as the benefits and damages that can be determined by then. Special interest will of course be given to oral microbiology.

As important as the former goal is to provide structural and functional overview of the immune system, both in health and disease conditions, again focusing in the special immunological characteristics of the mouth and the oral cavity.

The last goal of this subject is to show the student the most relevant techniques and processes employed in this scientific fields in order to provide a critical capacity useful for the latter professional career.

• 14 - Being aware of the general processes of the illness, including infection, inflammation, alterations in the immune system, degeneration, neoplasm, metabolic alterations and genetic disorders.
• 32 - Knowing the biomedical science on which Dentistry is based in order to ensure adequate oral and dental care. This science must include material on: (a). Embryology, anatomy, histology and the physiology of the human body (b). Genetics, Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology and (c). Microbiology and immunology.
• 35 - Knowing the scientific principles of sterilisation, disinfection and the antiseptics necessary to prevent cross-infection in dental practice
• 07 - Promoting new knowledge and techniques being acquired through autonomous learning, as well as the motivation to achieve quality.
• 11 - Understanding the basic biomedical science Dentistry is based on in order to ensure that adequate dental healthcare is provided.
• 18 - Being aware of, critically evaluating and knowing how to use sources of clinical and biomedical infomation in order to obtain, organise, interpret and communicate scientific and healthcare-related information.

Knowledge and understanding of the microbiotic world in terms of existence, history diversity and characteristics.

Knowledge of the most common infectious diseases determined by the different types of microorganisms.

Knowledge on the different tools for control of microorganisms'  growth and the infections determined by then.

Knowledge of the economical and scientific relevance of microorganisms

Knowledge of the basic techniques on how to handle and interpret microbiological data

Knowledge on the structure and function of the immune system both in health and disease conditions

Knowledge on the transfer to the human healthcare of the advances in the field of the immunology.

Dysfunction of the immune system

Interpretation of the clinical information related to the immune system.

Knowledge of scientific vocabulary in English and Spanish in the field of Immunology

• 1.01 - Know the different types of microorganisms that interact with the human body
• 1.02 - Know the most common infectious diseases and the pathogens that cause them
• 1.03 - Diagnose, treat and prevent the most common infections in dentistry
• 1.04 - Know the organization of our immune system: molecules, cells and organs
• 1.05 - Manage with immunology infections and tumors, as well as auto-immunity
• 1.06 - Understand and describe the embryological origin of human
• 1.12 - Solve clinical problems from deductions made with the basic knowledge of anatomy and physiology of the human body
• 1.32 - Will know the general processes of falling ill, including genetic alterations
• 1.33 - Will know better the scientific method and will have critical capacity to assess the established knowledge and new information
• 1.34 - Will get the rudiments to assess published basic research
• 1.36 - – Will know genetic diagnostic testing of laboratory, its reliability and diagnostic validity and begin to be able to interpret the results
• 1.37 - Will value as necessary the knowledge throughout life
• 1.39 - Will learn the general processes of falling ill, including metabolic alterations.
• 1.40 - Will know the clinical biochemistry tests, its reliability and diagnostic validity and begin to be able to interpret their results

Immunology

Theme 1. Description of the immune system: the immune system, the sixth sense, structure and function of the immune system: organs, cells, molecules.

Theme 2. The innate part of the immune system: the complement system, the macrophage.

Theme 3. The adaptive part of the immune system: antigens, antigen-presentation, the MCH/HLA system, the T and B lymphocytes, generation of diversity in the immune system.

Theme 4. The immune system in action: immunity against microorganisms, tumours, transplants, vaccines

Theme 5. Dysfunctions of the immune system: immune tolerance, immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, hypersensitivity

Theme 6. Immunological techniques: antibodies (poly/monoclonal), flow cytometry, ELISA, cell lines, cellular cultures.

Microbiology

Theme 1. Introduction to Microbiology: definition and overview, brief history, key figures, oral microbiology today.
Theme 2. I Analysis and microbiological diagnosis (laboratory techniques): standard microbiological practices, antigen detection, identification of microorganisms, technical-omics (genomics, proteomics ...)
Theme 3. Laboratory techniques: control of microbial growth, sterilisation.
Theme 4. Morphology and bacterial surface structures: cytoplasmic membrane wall bacterial outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria, capsule
Theme 5. Bacterial appendices,  extracellular products and intracellular structures: mobility flagella, fimbriae and pili, toxins, bacterial spores, organelles of eukaryotic microorganisms
Theme 6. Bacterial metabolism: an overview of bacterial metabolism, energy generation pathways, culture media, main metabolic characteristics of oral bacteria
Theme 7. Specific microbial genetics: generation of genetic variability, conjugation, transposition, transformation. Genome projects.
Theme 8. Virology: general characteristics of viruses and viral replication, virus quantification
Theme 9. Main families of viruses: bacteriophage and human pathogenic viruses
Theme 10. Health microbiology: microbial pathogenicity, microorganism-person relationship, transmission of microorganisms.
Theme 11. Introduction to bacterial taxonomy: bacterial species concept, classification of bacteria
Theme 12. Major families of bacteria: taxonomic characteristics of oral bacteria
Theme 13. Microbial diversity: fungi and parasites oral Interest
Theme 14. Oral Microbiology of dental plaque, caries.
Theme 15. Periodontal, endodontic and peri-implant microbiology and processes.

Problem based learning:

Vaccines: flu, AIDS, malaria

Transplants immunology

Immunology during pregnancy

Viral infections I

Viral infections II

Bacterial infections I

Bacterial infections II

Eukaryotic infections

The docent resources that will be used in the present subject are:

Lecture: Exposition for two hours (10 min rest) of a theoretical topic by the professor with multimedia support. The student will be probided with the contents in advance through an online network.

Problem-based Learning:  We will provide the student with a real or imaginary microbiology -related situation. Student will work in teams on the posed questions and in a previously scheduled day will present the conclusions during 30 min. This will be followed by a 30 min discussion with the rest of the class during which answers will be given to all the arising questions.

Hands-on learning: The student will become familiar with the basic microbiologic techniques in a lab. We will provide bsupport for some of the aspects covered during the lectures. And provide evidence of some of the theoretical treated information.

On line information: Some contents, either because of the impossibility of its being handled by other means, or because it is ideally suited in to electronic format will be provided to the students via computer.

Requirements to pass the subject:

1- Mandatory attendance to the Practical Course. To be competent and obtain apt.

2- Compulsory presentation of the Case Method. To be competent and obtain apt.

3- A multichoice final exam that will determine the total of the grade. The exam will be composed by questions related to the Practical Course (around 10%), to the Clinical Cases (around 15%) and the rest related to the Lectures. Upon observing the above points, the student will promote by obtaining a minimum of 5.0 points (out of 10) in the mentioned exam.

The  multichoice exam will be composed by four possible answers of which only one is correct.  Not answered questions neither add nor subtract; Each wrong answer subtracts the equivalent of 20% of the value of a correctly answered one.

If it is convenient, cotninous evaluation tests will be done without any impact on the final grade of the subject. Its only purpose is informative about the evolution of the student in the subject.

The teachers reserve 10% of the grade to be granted by subjective items such as: involvement, participation, respect for basic standards, etc.

In the granting of Honor Matrices, special consideration will be given to participation in the Practical Course, Case Method, and intervention in the Lectures.

The above requirements are valid for successive calls, although the Practical Course and the presentation of the Clinical Case, once passed, will not be repeated.

Basic Immunology: Functions and Disorders of the Immune System A.K. Abbas, A.H. Lichtman, S. Pillai. Elsevier Ed. 4ª ed. 2014

Inmunobiología: el sistema inmunitario en condiciones de salud y de enfermedad. Janeway et al. Ed. Masson 7ª ed. 2009.

Microbiología Estomatológica: Fundamentos y guía práctica (3ª edición). Marta Negroni. Ed Médica. Panamericana

Brock. Microbiología de los microorganismos. M.T. Madigan, J.M. Martinko y J. Parker. 10ª Ed. Prentice Hall.1999.

Microbiología. Prescott, Harley y Klein. McGraw-Hill 7ª Ed, 2008.

Microbiología Médica. P.R. Murray, K.S. Rosenthal y M.A. Pfaller. 7ª Ed. Elsevier Science. 2013

Sherris. Microbiología Médica. Una introducción a las Enfermedades Infecciosas. K.J. Ryan y C.G. Ray editores. 4ª Ed. McGraw-Hill Interamericana. 2004.

E: exam date | R: revision date | 1: first session | 2: second session:

• E1 18/05/2020 08:00h A22
• E1 18/05/2020 08:00h A21
• E1 18/05/2020 08:00h A02
• R1 08/06/2020 08:00h A01
• E2 25/06/2020 08:00h A02
• R2 02/07/2020 08:00h A02