Universitat Internacional de Catalunya - Barcelona

Structure and Function of the Human Body I

• code 07883
• course 1
• term Semester 1
• type FB
• credits 6

Module: Health Sciences Module

Matter: Human Anatomy

Main language of instruction: Catalan

Other languages of instruction: Spanish

Head instructor

Dra. Betlem MEZQUITA - bmezquita@uic.es

Other instructors

Dr. Albert PÉREZ - aperez@uic.es

Office hours

Dra. Belén Mezquita: bmezquita@uic.es

Dr. Albert Pérez: aperez@uic.es

This course is designed to help nursing students understand how the human body is organized and how it works.

Nurses must have a precise knowledge of the development, localization and function of human organs. Only in this way will be able to offer quality care and patient safety.

The integrated knowledge of anatomy and physiology facilitates understanding of the mechanisms by which diseases affect patients and the logic of the different treatment modalities. Knowledge of anatomy and physiology is also very useful for understanding the diagnostic tests and drug metabolism.

The course aims to teach students the structure and function of the human body to learn to recognize the signs and symptoms of disease. We will also place great emphasis on training our future professionals and educators in health habits of the population, a task in which the nurse does crucial work.

Not required

The course is divided into two blocks. The first block (Human Body I) consists of the following parts:

1. Introduction to the anatomy and physiology of the human body.
2. Structure and function of the musculoskeletal system.
3. Structure and function integration systems: nervous system and endocrine system.
4. Structure and function of the integumentary system.

Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:

1. Knowing the human body as a whole, understanding the interrelationships between the different organ systems to maintain homeostasis.
2. Mastering the terminology used in the fields of anatomy and physiology.
3. Knowing the structure and function of the musculoskeletal system, the nervous system and the endocrine system.
4. Acquire the skills necessary to identify anatomical structures studied.
5. Acquire skills in the clinical application of the knowledge acquired.
6. Become familiar with the scientific method. Promote reasoning and discussion of problems.
7. Knowing the primary sources of information.
8. Acquire own attitudes for future practice.
9. Be curious about the world around us and wanting to know more.

• 1. G - Ability to provide technical and professional health care appropriate to the health needs of the people they treat, with full technical and scientific autonomy, according to current and available scientific knowledge and to the quality standards and safety requirements set forth in the applicable legal standards and code of ethics.
• 22. G - Use and management of information and research
• 23. B - Ability to analyze and synthesize.
• 25. E - Knowledge of the field of study
• 6. E - Base nursing care on scientific evidence and available resources.

After completing the coursethe student will knowthe structural characteristics andthe operation's own organs andsystems that make upthe human bodyand itsdevelopment throughoutthe different stagesof life,and will be ableto establish relationships betweenthem.Also,learn about thebasic functionalexplorationof these systemsin relation tothe nursing professionwith anunderstanding based onanatomical andphysiologicalcriteria.

PART I: INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 

1. Introduction to Anatomy.

1.1 Scope of Anatomy: levels of structural organization.

1.2 The language of anatomy: axes and planes. Regions, cavities and membranes.

1.3 Structure of tissues: epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous. Coating surfaces: cutaneous membrane, and synovial lining.

2. Introduction to Physiology.

2.1 Scope of Physiology: functions of life.
2.2 The language of physiology: homeostasis and regulation.

PART II: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

1. The Human Skeleton.

1.1 The axial skeleton: skull, spine and rib cage.
1.2 The appendicular skeleton: shoulder girdle, upper limb, pelvis and lower limb.

1.3. Osteology nursing clinic.

2. Joints.

2.1 Classification structure and function of joints.
2.2 fibrous and cartilaginous joints.
2.3 synovial joint structure and elements that determine their mobility.
2.4 Movements and functional classification of synovial joints.
2.5 Arthrology clinical nursing studies.

3. Muscular System.

3.1.Grupos muscle from the functional point of view.
3.2. Nomenclature of muscles by location, structure and function.

3.3. Muscles of the extremities, trunk, head and neck.

3.3. Muscles of the extremities, trunk, head and neck.

3.4. Myology clinical nursing studies.

4. Marrow function

4.1 Functions of the bone.

4.2 Composition of bone. Functions of osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts.

4.3 Development and bone growth. Concept of bone remodeling.

4.4 Actions of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and vitamin D on the metabolism of Ca2 +.

4.5 Actions of estrogen and growth hormone on bone.

4.6 Density (BMD): concept and measurement

4.7 Importance of nutrition, physical activity and hormone levels for bone health.

4.8 Concept of "peak" bone mass in young adults.

4.9 Physical activities recommended for: a) children and young b) adults with moderately low BMD c) adults with markedly low BMD.

4.10Concepto and risk of osteoporosis. What bones are more susceptible to osteoporosis? Profile of a typical patient with osteoporosis.

4.11Fracturas bone. Repair mechanisms.

5. Muscle function

5.1 Types of muscle fibers. Equelética muscle functions.

5.2 Organization of the muscle fiber contraction mechanism.

5.3 Concept of motor unit. Classification of muscle fibers.

4.5 Mechanical muscle. Muscle tension and determinants

5.5 Muscle contraction dynamics ("isotonic") and static (isometric).

5.6 In what circumstances tetanic contraction occurs?

5.7 Muscle fatigue and delayed-onset muscle soreness.

5.8 Resistance training. Neuromuscular adaptation to physical activity.

5.9 Progression and regression muscle. Muscle changes after immobilization.

5.10 Evaluation of muscle function. Variations by age and sex.

PART III: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE INTEGRATION SYSTEMS: NERVOUS SYSTEM AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

III.A NERVOUS SYSTEM

1. Fundamentals of the Nervous System.

1.1 Organization structure and function of nervous tissue.
1.2 Histology nervous tissue: neurons and glial cells.
1.3 Potential resting potential and action potential graduate.
1.4 neuronal synapses, neurotransmitters and integration potential.
1.5 Integration neuronal: circuits.

2. Central Nervous System (CNS).

2.1 The Brain: embryological development and organization. Structure and function of its components.
2.2 higher mental functions: EEG tracing, consciousness, sleep-wake cycle, language and memory.
2.3 Functional anatomy of the spinal cord.
2.4 Protection of CNS meninges, cerebrospinal fluid, blood-brain barrier.

3. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).

3.1 Nerves: structure and regeneration.
3.2 Spinal Nerves: plexus and dermatomes.
3.3 Sensory receptors and sensory integration: from sensation to perception.
3.4 neuromuscular junction and motor integration: the intention to effect.
3.5 The reflex arc and spinal reflexes.

4. Autonomic Nervous System (ANS).

4.1 Role, divisions and comparison with the somatic nervous system.
4.2 Basic anatomy of the parasympathetic and sympathetic SNA.
4.3 Physiology of the ANS: neurotransmitters, receptors and interactions between divisions.
4.4 Control of the ANS.

5. Special sense organs.

5.1 The vision: structure of the eye, retinal transduction, visual integration.
5.2 The hearing and balance: ear components. Auditory and vestibular function.
5.3 The taste and smell: location of receptors, signal transduction, perception.

IIIB. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

1. Endocrine System.

1.1 Mechanism of action of hormones.
1.2 Control of hormone secretion.
1.3 Structure and function of the pituitary, thyroid and parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, gonads and pineal gland.
1.4 Other hormone-producing organs.

PART IV: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

6.1 Skin: components of the epidermis and dermis.
6.2 The skin appendages: sweat and sebaceous glands, hair follicles and nail.
6.3 Functions of the skin.
6.4 Development and skin repair. Burns: risks and treatment.

• Conducted master classes in Los alumnos every Bloques temáticos in Trat.
• Also, bear in Cabo character classes with a more práctico and applicability to the study of the anatomy and physiology of these systems object in this course.

• Continuous assessment. Every week questions and activities will be proposed through the intranet. Online and in-class participation will be positively valued. Corresponds to 20% of the grade for the course.
• Midterm Exam: Short answer questions and multiple choice. Corresponds to 30% of the grade for the course.
• Final exam: Short answer questions and multiple choice. Corresponds to 50% of the grade for the course.

(*) To pass the subject is essential to pass the final exam with a grade equal to or greater than 5, and that the final grade calculation is equal to or greater than 5. Students who have exhausted two calls will be required to overcome with 5 or more the corresponding CONVOCATIO exam to pass the course.

No fees of Honor awarded for 2nd call

• Manual De Miología. Lorente M, Miguel M, Perez-Bellmunt A, Escalona C.. Ed. Elsevier. Barcelona 2007
• Principios de anatomía y fisiología. Tortora-Derrickson (Tortora-Grabowski en ediciones anteriores). Ed. Panamericana 11ª edición. Madrid 2006.
• Estructura y función del cuerpo humano. GA Thibodeau & DKT Patton. 10ª edición. 1998. Ed. Hartcourt Brace.
• Anatomía general. P.Kamnina. 1997. Ed. Panamericana
• Atlas fotográfico de Anatomía Humana. JW Rohen & Yokochi. 2001. Ed. Mosby

E: exam date | R: revision date | 1: first session | 2: second session:

• E1 15/01/2015 12:00h
• R1 27/01/2015 14:00h
• E2 23/06/2015 10:00h
• R2 06/07/2015 10:00h