Subject

General Surgical Pathology 1

  • code 08405
  • course 2
  • term Semester 1
  • type OB
  • credits 6

Main language of instruction: Spanish

Other languages of instruction: Catalan, English

If the student is enrolled for the English track then classes for that subject will be taught in the same language.

Teaching staff

Head instructor

Dra. Josefa LÓPEZ - jlopez@uic.es
Dra. Adaia VALLS - avalls@uic.es

Office hours

After classes.

At any other time, having set a date and time with the student via email.

jlopez@uic.es

gperez@uic.es

avalls@uic.es

snmocanu@uic.es 

mvalbuena@uic.es 


Introduction

General Medical-Surgical Pathology 1 of the first cycle of Degree in Dentistry is part of the core subjects of the programme and aims to explain all medical and surgical pathologies that dentists must know and study during university studies.

It is a mistake to consider Dentistry as a degree based solely on the study of the oral cavity; as in many cases the dentist will require broader medical knowledge in order to provide a global and integrated perspective of patients and their associated pathologies.

 

Pre-course requirements

There are no pre-requisites

Objectives

THEORETICAL

· Acquisition of the concepts of health, disease, ill, fall ill/get a disease.
· Concepts of Etiology, Pathogenesis, Pathophysiology and Clinical Semiology.
· Study of Medical Pathology by organ systems and their oral impact.
· Study of surgical pathology and its oral impact.
· Study and initial treatment of medical-surgical urgencies in situations related to the dentist and their daily practice.

PRACTICAL 

· Development of a clinical history. History and physical examination. 
· Knowledge and use of basic equipment for the taking of vital signs. Sphygmomanometer and stethoscope.

 

 

 


Competences / Learning outcomes of the degree programme

Acquisition of scientific basis of dentistry, professional values, ethical behaviour and appropriate clinical skills.

Acquisition of knowledge of the overall medical-surgical pathology, which should form the basis for achieving and subsequently being able to apply appropriate capabilities to diagnose, predict and plan for dental treatments

These competencies will be achieved through a series of methodologies based on: lectures, clinical session seminars and lab practices

  • 08 - Knowing how to share information with other healthcare professionals and how to work as part of a team.
  • 14 - Being aware of the general processes of the illness, including infection, inflammation, alterations in the immune system, degeneration, neoplasm, metabolic alterations and genetic disorders.
  • 18 - Being aware of, critically evaluating and knowing how to use sources of clinical and biomedical infomation in order to obtain, organise, interpret and communicate scientific and healthcare-related information.
  • 20 - Obtaining and creating a medical record containing all the relevant information.
  • 35 - Knowing the scientific principles of sterilisation, disinfection and the antiseptics necessary to prevent cross-infection in dental practice
  • 38 - Being aware of clinical and laboratory-based procedures and diagnostic tests, knowing their reliability and diagnostic viability and being competent in interpreting the results
  • 39 - Recognising oral normality and pathology, as well as the evaluation of semiological data
  • 58 - Knowing the general pathological characteristics of the illnesses and disorders that affect organic systems
  • 61 - Knowing the pharmacological grounding for the various anaesthetic techniques, both local and general, as well as the role of sedation and general anaesthesia in terms of managing dental patients
  • 62 - Conocer y manejar las emergencias y urgencias médicas más frecuentes en la práctica odontológica y en las técnicas de reanimación cardiorrespiratoria básica
  • 63 - Having knowledge of human nutrition, particularly the connection between nutritional habits or diet with the maintenance of good health and the prevention of oral and dental diseases
  • 73 - Applying loco-regional anaesthetic techniques

Learning outcomes of the subject

Having acquired the competences referred to throughout the course while making the most of the skills taught during traditional lectures, seminars and laboratory practices.

  • 3.01 - Identify the most important characteristics of the different groups of medicines: pharmacological activity, mechanism of action, indications, dosage, contraindications and adverse effects.
  • 3.02 - Using information sources of Pharmacology
  • 3.03 - Know the most relevant precautions in prescribing and administering medications in the dental patient in relation to their own pathology and concomitant medication.
  • 3.04 - Have thorough knowledge in general medical pathology.
  • 3.05 - Have thorough knowledge in General Surgical Pathology
  • 3.06 - Have thorough knowledge in nutrition
  • 3.07 - Obtain and develop a medical history that includes all relevant information
  • 3.08 - Perform a general physical examination and registration of vital signs
  • 3.09 - Control of anamnesis and basic general physical examination
  • 3.10 - Ask and interpret the results of the general complementary explorations ( laboratory-image- functional)
  • 3.11 - Conduct a differential diagnosis, a provisional diagnosis and a definitive diagnosis.
  • 3.12 - Diagnosing and treating medical emergencies and basic CPR in a dental clinic.
  • 3.18 - Learn the techniques of anxiety control
  • 3.19 - Know the pharmacological treatment of pain
  • 3.20 - Knowledge of oral manifestations of systemic pathologies
  • 3.21 - Know how to explore at physical oro-maxillo-facial level and interpret laboratory complementary examinations and image
  • 3.22 - Knowledge of smoking and its treatment
  • 3.23 - Use basic equipment for taking vital signs. Sphygmomanometer and stethoscope
  • 3.24 - Interpret the main analytical determinations: normal and pathological values
  • 3.25 - Use with precision instruments of suture
  • 3.27 - Know how to act when a cardio-respiratory arrest, cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Syllabus

A. THEORETICAL CREDITS

PART 1. Medicosurgical GENERAL PATHOLOGY

 

Topic 1. Health and disease. Elements of the disease. Signs of disease.

Topic 2. Determinants of health. Prevention of disease. Health indicators.

Topic 3. Clinical pathology and its branches. Definitions.

Topic 4. Clinical and general propaedeutic. Etiology, pathogenesis, pathophysiology and clinical semiology. Diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutics

Topic 5. General principles of wounds. Wound types.

Topic 6. Pathophysiology of wounds. Treatment of wounds.

Topic 7. Scarring. Biological basis of healing.

Topic 8. Healing abnormalities

Topic 9. Semiotics of the respiratory apparatus: cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, cyanosis, chest pain. Physical examination of the respiratory system.

Topic 10. Complementary explorations of the Respiratory Apparatus.

Topic 11. Semiology of the cardiovascular system. Arterial and venous pulse. Physical examination of the cardiovascular system and complementary examinations.

Topic 12. Inflammation. Components of inflammation. Evolution of the inflammatory process.

Topic 13. Semiology of the endocrine and metabolic systems.
-Pathophysiology of metabolism: carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids.
-Major alterations in metabolism

Topic 14. Basic nutritional principles.

Topic 15. Asepsis and sterilization.

Topic 16. Semiotics of the digestive tract: dysphagia, heartburn, vomiting, jaundice, ascites, diarrhea. Physical examination of the gastrointestinal tract.

Topic 17. Complementary explorations of the digestive tract.

Topic 18. General principles of burns:-Type. classification

Topic 19. Prognosis and treatment of burns.

Topic 20. Fat embolism. Pathophysiology and clinical treatment.

Topic 21. Air embolism. Pathophysiology and clinical treatment.

Topic 22. Semiotics of the nervous system:
-Semiotics of cranial nerves. Vertigo, ataxia, aphasia, apraxia.
Location-Syndromes. Physical examination and complementary examinations

Topic 23. Semiology of infections:
-Predisposing factors. Gateways. Signs of infection.

Topic 24. Fever. Pathogenesis, pathophysiology. Fever patterns.
-Classification of the main infectious agents. Fever of unknown origin

Topic 25. Semiology of the renal system.
-Diuresis disorders. -Urination disroders, urinary syndrome. Physical and complementary examinations

Topic 26. Vein disease.
-Venous insufficiency, thrombophlebitis, thrombosis.

Topic 27. Arterial disease.
-Acute and chronic arterial insufficiency
-Diseases of the great vessels.

Topic 28. Fractures.
-Etiology and mechanism
Fracture-Call
-Diagnosis and treatment of fractures

Topic 29. Semiology of the hematologic system.
-Hematologic syndromes: definition and classification.

Topic 30. Bone tumors.
-Definition and classification
-Treatment

Topic 31. Surgical conditions of the skin.
-Inflammation and infection

Topic 32. Skin tumors. Diagnosis and treatment

 

PART 2. SPECIFIC MEDICAL-SURGICAL PATHOLOGY.

 

Topic 33. Respiratory Tract (I)
-Shortness of breath
-Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Topic 34. Respiratory tract (II)
-Bronchial Asthma

Topic  35. Respiratory tract(III)
Respiratory-tract infections

Topic 36. Respiratory tract (IV)
-Bronchopulmonary tumors

Topic 37. Respiratory tract (V)
-General thoracic surgery.

Topic 38. Cardiovascular system (I)
-Cardiac arrhythmias.

Topic  39. Cardiovascular system (II)
-Ischemic heart disease.

Topic 40. Cardiovascular system (III)
-Valvulopathies. -Heart Failure

Topic  41. Cardiovascular system (IV)
-Overview of cardiovascular surgery. Valve surgery

Topic  42. Cardiovascular system (V)
-Surgery for ischemic heart disease.

Topic 43. Eye Surgical Pathology.

Topic 44. ENT Surgical Pathology.

Topic 45. Digestive Tract (I): Motor and inflammatory esophageal pathology

Topic 46. Digestive Tract (II): Acute and chronic stomach pathologies

Topic 47. Digestive Tract (III): Inflammatory bowel pathology. Malabsorption syndrome. Irritable bowel syndrome.

Topic 48. Digestive Tract (IV): liver disease: acute and chronic hepatitis

Topic 49. Digestive Tract (V): liver diseases: liver cirrhosis.

Topic 50. Surgical pathology of the digestive tract (I): esophageal pathology

Topic 51. Surgical pathology of the digestive tract (II): stomach pathology.

Topic 52. Surgical pathology of the digestive tract (III): small intestine and colon.

Topic 53. Surgical pathology of the digestive tract (IV): liver pathology.

Topic  54. Surgical pathology of the digestive tract  (V): Pathology of the gallbladder, bile ducts and pancreas

Topic 55. Abdominal wall surgery.

Topic 56. Nephrology: Acute and chronic renal failure. Diseases of the kidney and urinary tract. Urinary Tract Infections

Topic 57. Urologic Surgical Pathology (I): kidney stones, obstructive uropathy, hydronephrosis.

Topic 58. Urological Pathology (II): benign and malignant tumor pathology. Renal transplantation.

Topic 59. Infectious diseases (I): Major bacterial diseases, bacterial endocarditis, tuberculosis, brucellosis

Topic 60. Infectious diseases (II): Major viral infections: cytomegalovirus, herpes, Epstein Barr, HIV.


B. PRACTICAL CREDITS

 
1. – Six-month assignment

There will be a six-month assignment which can be done individually or in groups of up to three people. The theme of the assignment will be linked to the agenda of the semester lectures and will be of free choice among the topics proposed by teachers in due time. The maximum length of the assignment shall not exceed 10 pages DIN A4. It shall be done with Microsoft Word text processor.

2. - Laboratory practices

There will be a total of 6 hours of practice. During the first semester the student will perform practical sessions on:

-Learning and making of a medical history.

-Taking vital signs: blood pressure. Heart rate and breathing.

-Physical Exploration. 

-Cardiac and respiratory auscultation.

-Orofacial and cervical exploration.

Teaching and learning activities


In blended

General Medical-Surgical Pathology 1 is a biannual course with a total of 6 ECTS, 60 hours of lectures and 6h of practices for each of the 2 groups of students. The lectures that make up the program for each semester will be delivered throughout the course. Duration of the master classes will be of 2 hours, leaving the last minutes for questions and doubts on the lesson taught.

Frequency of classes is two days per week.

Attendance and participation, both face-to-face and online, will be taken into account in the final score of the subject (10%).

Practical sessions constitute the second part of the course. Within these sessions, there will be two types of activities:

-Laboratory practices, or seminars
-Semester work with oral presentation

Evaluation systems and criteria


In blended

Student evaluation will be as follows:

Theoretical final exam ..................... 70%
Practices ....................................... 10%
Assignment ....................................10%

Continuous Evaluation......................10%

Questions in the theoretical final exam will be multiple choice (5) with a single correct answer with the value of 1 point. A wrong answer will subtract 0.25 points.

The subject will be evaluated and graded according to an absolute score of 10 points, obtained according to the following scale:

a) Fail: 0- 4,9 (SS)

b) Approved: 5-6.9 (PA)

c) Remarkable: 7-8,9 (NT)

d) Outstanding: 9-10 (SB).

e) High Honour: implies having obtained an "Outstanding" plus a special mention, and its number may not exceed 5% of the enrolled students.

 

1. Class attendance is not compulsory. But attendance and attitude / participation in classes will be taken into account. Questions asked through the kahoot / moodle / collaborate platform will be used as a continuous assessment and will count positively up to a maximum of 1 point (10%).

2. The theoretical-practical knowledge acquired will be evaluated through a final semester exam. This consists of 60 test questions with 5 possible answers. Those answered correctly will add 1 point, while incorrect answers will subtract -0'25 points. The exam will compute 70% (7 points) of the final grade, but it is mandatory to pass it to pass the course. Similarly, to be able to take the final exam, the student must have turned in all the assignments and have attended all the practices, except if the absence is justified. 

3. The written work will count 0.5 points (5%), and the quality, the reviewed bibliography (cited according to Vancouver standards) and the absence of plagiarism will be evaluated through the Turnitin program. 

4. The defense of the job will take place in front of the rest of the teammates for 3 minutes and will count 5% (0.5 points). The following items will be valued positively: correct synthesis (+1 point), correct understanding of content and explanation (+2 points), memorized presentation without paper / slide reading (+1 point) and adjusted time (+1 point). 

5. Attendance at practices and seminars is mandatory. Each of the tasks carried out at home after the clinical practices carried out in the classroom will be evaluated by the teachers, computing a maximum of 1 point (10%).

Bibliography and resources

FARRERAS ROZMAN : Tratado de Medicina Interna. Ed.  Harcourt Brace.

HARRISON’S : Principles of Internal Medicine. Ed . Mc Graw Hill .

VARIOS AUTORES:  Textbook of Surgery. Ed.  University of Oxford.

LOUIS F. ROSE - DONALD KAYE: Medicina Interna en Odontología. Salvat Editores.

BALCELLS GORINA : Patología General. Ed. Toray

NOGUER MOLINS - BALCELLS GORINA : Exploración clínica práctica. Ed. Científico-Médica

Evaluation period

E: exam date | R: revision date | 1: first session | 2: second session:

  • E1 13/01/2020 08:00h A01
  • E1 13/01/2020 08:00h A02
  • E1 13/01/2020 08:00h A03
  • R1 22/01/2020 15:00h A02
  • R1 24/01/2020 12:30h A09
  • E2 23/06/2020 08:00h A01
  • R2 07/07/2020 08:00h A01
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