Subject

Oral Surgical Pathology 1

  • code 09245
  • course 3
  • term Semester 1
  • type OB
  • credits 6

Main language of instruction: Spanish

Other languages of instruction: Catalan, English

Teaching staff

Head instructor

Dr. Jordi GARGALLO - jgargallo@uic.es

Office hours

By appointment via e-mail

Lecturer responsible: Dr Jordi Gargallo Albiol

jgargallo@uic.es

Practical session coordinator/lecturer: Dra. Naroa Lozano Carrascal

naroalozano@uic.es

 

Introduction

In the event that the health authorities announce a new period of confinement due to the evolution of the health crisis caused by COVID-19, the teaching staff will promptly communicate how this may effect the teaching methodologies and activities as well as the assessment.

The future European dentist will be what he already is in some countries, i.e., “the specialist of diseases of the teeth, mouth, maxilla and other facial structures”.

Oral Medico-Surgical Pathology includes the study of the diagnosis and treatment (surgical and complementary) of diseases, lesions and defects, congenital and acquired, including the functional and aesthetic aspects, of soft and hard tissues of mouth, maxilla and face.

The limits between medicine and oral and maxillofacial medicine are not clearly defined. Our aim is to provide an integrated view of these pathologies and, additionally, to integrate the medical and surgical therapy aspects. We believe these aspects should not be separate neither from a clinical perspective nor from the educational point of view.

Most patients value a comprehensive education in their dentist, which inspires confidence not only in the manual and technical aspects of the treatment but also in the medical training of the dentist.

The dentist is undoubtedly the specialist best prepared for the prevention, diagnosis and medical and surgical treatment of the diseases of the oral and maxillofacial region.

 

 

Pre-course requirements

Students must have passed the first and second years of the Dentistry programme, having passed all of the subjects, or have obtained the corresponding official validation of credits.

Objectives

To provide complete theoretical and practical training in pathophysiology, prevention, diagnosis and the treatment of pathologies (congenital and acquired anomalies) of the teeth, oral cavity, maxilla and neighbouring tissues.

Oral and maxillofacial region / oral and craniofacial region

 

 

Competences / Learning outcomes of the degree programme

  • 10 - Knowing and being able to identify the psychological and physical problems derived from gender violence in order to train students in the prevention, early detection of, care for and rehabilitation of the victims of this type of violence.
  • 24 - Recognising situations in which lives are at risk and knowing how to provide basic life-support.
  • 35 - Knowing the scientific principles of sterilisation, disinfection and the antiseptics necessary to prevent cross-infection in dental practice
  • 43 - Having knowledge of dental biomaterial: in terms of handling, properties, instructions, allergies, biocompatibility, toxicity and eliminating residues as well as their environmental impact
  • 44 - Knowing about and being able to use the basic tools and equipment for dental practice
  • 48 - Being aware of the effects of tobacco on oral health and participating in measures which help patients who want to give up their smoking habit. Also, knowing about the complex interaction between the environmental, social and behavioural factors related to oral and general health
  • 56 - Identifying the signs and behaviour which suggest potential abuse
  • 57 - Knowing the general processes of illness, curing and reparing, including infection, inflammation, haemorrhage and clotting, scarring, trauma and alterations in the immune system, degeneration, neoplasia, metabolic alterations and genetic disorders
  • 70 - Evaluating motor and sensory oral, mandibular and annex function
  • 71 - Undertaking limited procedures for invasive diagnostic techniques using soft tissue (biopsies)
  • 74 - Preparing and isolating the operatory field
  • 77 - Undertaking medical and surgical treatment for common diseases in soft oral tissue
  • 78 - Undertaking simple surgical procedures: the extraction of temporarily and permanently erupted teeth, fractured or retained roots and the uncomplicated surgical extraction of non-erupted teeth and simple procedures for pre-prosthesic surgery

Learning outcomes of the subject

1. A high level of knowledge in oral surgery.

2. Acquisition of the basic principles of oral and maxillofacial surgery.

3. Acquisition by the student of comprehensive knowledge of exodontics and the skills required to resolve its complications.

4. Being able to identify, and knowing how to diagnose and treat, the alterations of dental eruption.

5. Being able to identify, and knowing how to diagnose and treat, infectious pathologies of the oral and maxillofacial region.

6. Knowing and being able to classify maxillary cysts; being able to diagnose and treat them.

7. Knowing the principles and basic information regarding dental implantology, bone biology and the characteristics of implants and the surgical procedures.


  • 4.015 - Identify the anatomic and dental structures in panoramic radiographs, periapical and bitewing
  • 4.024 - Perform simple extractions of primary molars.
  • 4.025 - Perform limited invasive procedures of invasive diagnostic techniques in soft tissue procedures (biopsies)
  • 4.027 - Perform simple surgical procedures: removal of temporary and permanent erupted teeth, fractured or retained roots and uncomplicated surgical removal of impacted teeth and simple procedures of pre-prosthetic surgery
  • 4.028 - Diagnose, plan and carry out a surgical treatment of limited complexity in patients of all ages and conditions
  • 4.029 - Master the bases of basic oral surgery: equipment and instruments, sterility and prevention of infection, techniques of loco-regional anesthesia, surgical field, hemostasis, post-operative cures, pharmacotherapy
  • 4.030 - Know how to derive, when necessary, to other professionals or centers, complex treatments or medically compromised patients.

Syllabus

SUBJECT BLOCKS

Block 1: Surgery principles (oral and maxillofacial) 

Block 2: Exodontics

Block 3: Alterations of eruption and of dental organogenesis

Block 4: Oral and maxillofacial infectious pathology

Block 5: Cysts of the maxillar bones 

Block 6: Basic dental implantology 

 

 0. Presentation and introduction to the subject.
    -Organisation, theoretical sessions, practical sessions, structure of the classes, projects, evaluation, etc.


Block 1: Surgery principles (oral and maxillofacial)

Introduction to oral medico-surgical pathology
    1.1. General surgical pathophysiology
    1.2. Responses to surgical aggression
    1.3. Post-aggression biological responses of organs (lesion)
    1.4. Local response to aggression
    1.5. Inflammation-Resolution-Repair-Regeneration
    1.6. Lesion-Inflammation-Proliferation-Remodelling
    1.7. Growth factors in the process of repair

Diagnosis of the oral medico-surgical pathology
    2.1. The clinical history in oral and maxillofacial surgery
        2.1.1. Anamnesis
        2.1.2. Local, regional and general clinical examination
        2.1.3. Complementary tests and examinations
    2.2 Pre-operative testing
        2.2.1. The healthy patient and the patient with systemic disease
        (ASA classification)
        2.2.2. The high-risk patient. The medically-compromised patient.

Preparation and work protocol in oral and maxillofacial surgery
    3.1. Disinfection: surface, instrumental, personnel.
    3.2. Sterilization: instrumental and work flow
    3.2. Preparing the surgical field
    3.3. Preparation of the patient
    3.4. 4-, 6- and 8-handed work in dentistry
    3.5. Basic and advanced surgical material and instrumental.

Basic principles of oral and maxillofacial surgery
    4.1. Anesthetic technique. Loco-regional anaesthesia. Local anaesthetics.
    4.2. Conscious sedation and general anaesthesia
    4.3. Basic surgical technique: incision, mucoperiosteal flap,
        ostectomy/osteotomy, tissue management, hemostasis, suture
    4.4. Types of incisions and flaps in oral surgery
    4.5. Types of suture
    4.6. Medication and postoperative care in oral and maxillofacial surgery
        4.6.1. Analgesics and antiinflammatories
        4.6.2. Antibiotic therapy
        4.6.3. Oral antiseptics
        4.6.4. Instructions, recommendations and postoperative care.

Medical emergencies in oral and maxillofacial surgery
    5.1. Types of medical emergencies
    5.2. Prevention and treatment of medical emergencies
    5.3. Pharmacology, materials and emergency equipment
    5.4. Identifying and reducing anxiety in the dental surgery



Block 2: Exodontics

Introduction to exodontics
    1.1. Revision of dental anatomy and maxilla: upper and lower maxilla
    1.2. Basic instruments and equipment: forceps, elevators, basic surgery instruments. Rotary instruments
    1.3. Anaesthetic techniques for dental extraction

2. Indications and contraindications of exodontics    2.1. Indications: Dental and periodontal pathology, pathology of dental eruption, pathologies of the maxilla, requirements of the orthodontic treatment, requirements of the prosthodontic treatment, economic motives-need, etc.    2.2. Contraindications: General or systemic and local.

3. Basic exodontic technique
    3.1. Operating times: preparation of the patient. Preparing the surgical field. Anaesthesia. Sindesmotomy. Luxation. Traction. Avulsion.         Curettage and revision of the surgical field. Compression of the alveolar bone. Suture.         Post-operative instructions.
    3.1. Permanent teeth of the upper maxilla
    3.2. Permanent teeth of the mandible
    3.3. Deciduous teeth.

Complex exodontics
    4.1. Dental section techniques
    4.2. Exodontics in anticoagulated patients: heparin protocol, dicumarinic protocol, antiplatelet agent protocol, etc.
    4.3. Surgical exodontics: elevation of the mucoperiosteal flap, osteoctomy, suture
    4.4. Multiple exodontics. Alveolotomy. Alveoloplasty
    4.5. Intra-alveolar dressings.

Complications and their prevention
    5.1. Intraoperative complications
    5.2. Postoperative complications
    5.3 Medico-legal aspects of exodontics. Informed consent


Block 3: Alterations of eruption and of dental organogenesis

Alterations of eruption
    1.1. Chronology of dental eruption
    1.2. Aetiology and frequency of dental eruption alterations.
Pathology of the eruption of third molars
    2.1. Indications of extraction, expectant management, therapeutic abstention.
    2.2. Surgical technique
    2.3. Postoperative care and complications.
Pathology of eruption of included canines
    3.1. Indications of extraction, expectant management, therapeutic abstention
    3.2. Surgical procedure for extraction of included canines
    3.2. Treatments for orthodontic repositioning: direct and indirect fenestration, intramucous and extramucous
    3.3. Self-transplant.
Other dental inclusions.
Supernumerary teeth. Mesiodens


Block 4: Oral and maxillofacial infectious pathology

Systemic infections
    1.1. Bacteremia, sepsis or septicemia, septic shock
    1.2. Focal infection
    1.3. Bacteremia and the oral portal of entry
    1.4. Prevention of bacterial endocarditis

Local infections
    2.1. Dry and suppurative alveolitis
    2.3. Osteochemonecrosis of the maxilla: aetiology, action protocols and prevention. Treatment of osteochemonerosis of the maxilla
    2.3. Osteomyelitis of the maxilla: aetiology, diagnosis, treatment and preventive measures
 

Block 5: Cysts of the maxillar bones

    1. Classification of maxillar cysts
    2. Odontogenic cysts
    3. Non-odontogenic cysts
    4. Diagnosis and treatment
    5. Periapical surgery: indications, contraindications, surgical technique and prognosis of periapical surgery


Block 6: Basic dental implantology

History and foundations of implantology
Anatomy and hystology of the mandibular bone and the upper maxilla applied to implantology
Metabolism and bone physiology, pathophysiology of osteointegration
Surface and design of implants
Biomechanics of dental implants
Pharmacology applied to dental implantology
Diagnostic imaging in dental implantology
    7.1. Intraoral radiographs, panoramic extraoral radiographs
    7.2. Tomography.
Treatment planning in implantology
    8.1. According to the patient: single teeth, partial edentulous, free ends, anterior sector, totally edentulous cases
    8.2. According to the prosthesis: fixed or removable
    8.3. According to the type of loading: immediate, early or delayed.
Surgical technique step by step: anaesthesia, incisions, flap lifting, bone preparation, implant placement, locking screw or gingiva former, suture and postoperative instructions

 

 


Chapter 0 PROGRAMME
      0. PRACTICES
            Material
                   uicpractpmqb12013-14.pdf 
      0. TEORETHICAL
            Material
                   pmqo112:13programateoricopdf.pdf 

Chapter 0 PROGRAMME
      0. PRACTICES
            Material
                  PRACTICE CONTENT programapra?cticaspmqo1curso2019-20.docx 
      0. TEORETHICAL
            Material
                   pmqo112:13programateoricopdf.pdf 

Chapter 1 PRESENTATION AND INTRODUCTION TO THE SUBJECT

Chapter 1 PRESENTATION AND INTRODUCTION TO THE SUBJECT

Chapter 2 INTRODUCTION TO ORAL MEDICO-SURGICAL PATHOLOGY
      Material
             introduccionalapmqo1.pdf 

Chapter 2 INTRODUCTION TO ORAL MEDICO-SURGICAL PATHOLOGY
      Material
             introduccionalapmqo1.pdf 

Chapter 3 CLINICAL HISTORY
      Material
             historiaclinicapdf.pdf 

Chapter 3 CLINICAL HISTORY
      Material
             historiaclinicapdf.pdf 

Chapter 4 LOCO-REGIONAL ANESTHESIA IN ORAL SURGERY
      Material
             anestesialoco-regionalencirugiaoral.pdf 

Chapter 4 LOCO-REGIONAL ANESTHESIA IN ORAL SURGERY
      Material
             anestesialoco-regionalencirugiaoral.pdf 

Chapter 5 OTHER DENTAL INCLUSIONS
      Material
             otrasinclusionesdentarias.pdf 

Chapter 5 OTHER DENTAL INCLUSIONS
      Material
             otrasinclusionesdentarias.pdf 

Chapter 6 SUPERNUMERARY TEETH
      Material
             113.supernumeraryteeth.popocb.2009.pdf 
             dientessupernumerarios.pdf 

Chapter 6 SUPERNUMERARY TEETH
      Material
             113.supernumeraryteeth.popocb.2009.pdf 
             dientessupernumerarios.pdf 

Chapter 7 PREOPERATIVE TESTING
      Material
             estudiospreoppdf.pdf 

Chapter 7 PREOPERATIVE TESTING
      Material
             estudiospreoppdf.pdf 

Chapter 8 DESINFECTION, STERILIZATION AND SURGICAL FIELD
      Material
             desinfeccion-esterilizacion-campoquirurgico.pdf 

Chapter 8 DESINFECTION, STERILIZATION AND SURGICAL FIELD
      Material
             desinfeccion-esterilizacion-campoquirurgico.pdf 
            DISINFECTION, STERILIZATION AND SURGICAL FIELD resumenclasepmq1intranet.pdf 

Chapter 9 MATERIALS AND BASIC AND ADVANCED INSTRUMENTS
      Material
             instrumentacion.pdf 

Chapter 9 MATERIALS AND BASIC AND ADVANCED INSTRUMENTS
      Material
             instrumentacion.pdf 

Chapter 10 MEDICATION AND POSTOPERATIVE CARE
      Material
             medicacionycuidadospostoperatorios.pdf 

Chapter 10 MEDICATION AND POSTOPERATIVE CARE
      Material
             medicacionycuidadospostoperatorios.pdf 

Chapter 11 FLAPS AND SUTURES
      Material
            FLAP DESIGN AND SUTURES colgajosysuturaspdf.pdf 

Chapter 11 FLAPS AND SUTURES
      Material
            FLAP DESIGN AND SUTURES colgajosysuturaspdf.pdf 

Chapter 12 SIMPLE AND COMPLEX EXODONTICS. COMPLICATIONS
      Material
             exodonciadienteserupcionados.pdf 
      12. TEMA 13, 14, 15

Chapter 12 SIMPLE AND COMPLEX EXODONTICS. COMPLICATIONS
      Material
             exodonciadienteserupcionados.pdf 
      12. TEMA 13, 14, 15

Chapter 16 ALTERATIONS OF ERUPTION
      Material
             alteracioneserupcion.pdf 

Chapter 16 ALTERATIONS OF ERUPTION
      Material
             alteracioneserupcion.pdf 

Chapter 17 THIRD MOLARS
      Material
             tercerosmolarespdf.pdf 

Chapter 17 THIRD MOLARS
      Material
             tercerosmolarespdf.pdf 

Chapter 18 INCLUDED CANINES
      Material
             caninosincluidospdf.pdf 

Chapter 18 INCLUDED CANINES
      Material
             caninosincluidospdf.pdf 

Chapter 19 SYSTEMIC INFECTIONS
      Material
             infeccionessistemicas.pdf 

Chapter 19 SYSTEMIC INFECTIONS
      Material
             infeccionessistemicas.pdf 

Chapter 20 LOCAL INFECTIONS
      Material
             infeccioneslocales.pdf 

Chapter 20 LOCAL INFECTIONS
      Material
             infeccioneslocales.pdf 

Chapter 21 MAXILLARY CYSTS
      Material
             quistesmaxilares.pdf 

Chapter 21 MAXILLARY CYSTS
      Material
             quistesmaxilares.pdf 

Chapter 22 PERIAPICAL SURGERY
      Material
             cirugia#769;aperiapicalpdf.pdf 

Chapter 22 PERIAPICAL SURGERY
      Material
             cirugia#769;aperiapicalpdf.pdf 

Chapter 23 INTRODUCTION AND FOUNDATIONS OF IMPLANTOLOGY
      Material
            Abstract and Bibliography introyfundamentosimplantologia.pdf 

Chapter 23 INTRODUCTION AND FOUNDATIONS OF IMPLANTOLOGY
      Material
            Abstract and Bibliography introyfundamentosimplantologia.pdf 

Chapter 24 ANATOMY, BONE HISTOLOGY AND OSEOINTEGRATION
      Material
             anatomiaihistologiaosea.pdf 

Chapter 24 ANATOMY, BONE HISTOLOGY AND OSEOINTEGRATION
      Material
             anatomiaihistologiaosea.pdf 

Chapter 25 SURFACE, DESIGN AND BIOMECHANICS OF IMPLANTS
      Material
             superficies,disenoybiomecanicadeimplantes.pdf 

Chapter 25 SURFACE, DESIGN AND BIOMECHANICS OF IMPLANTS
      Material
             superficies,disenoybiomecanicadeimplantes.pdf 

Chapter 26 PHARMACOLOGY AND DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN IMPLANTOLOGY
      Material
            Abstract and Bibliography farmacydxenimplantologia.pdf 

Chapter 26 PHARMACOLOGY AND DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN IMPLANTOLOGY
      Material
            Abstract and Bibliography farmacydxenimplantologia.pdf 
            Radiology in Implant Dentistry radiologyinimplantdentistrynotes.pdf 

Chapter 27 PLANNING IN IMPLANTOLOGY
      Material
             planificacionenimplantologia.pdf 
            SHORT AND NARROW IMPLANTS reduceddimensionsimplantsnotes.pdf 

Chapter 27 PLANNING IN IMPLANTOLOGY
      Material
             planificacionenimplantologia.pdf 

Chapter 28 SURGICAL PHASE IN IMPLANTS
      Material
             fasequirua#769;rgicaimplantespdf.pdf 

Chapter 28 SURGICAL PHASE IN IMPLANTS
      Material
             fasequirua#769;rgicaimplantespdf.pdf 

Teaching and learning activities


In blended

1. Master Classes

Online masterclasses, imparting basic theoretical knowledge in a clear and schematic way, with essential iconographic content so that the lesson and the practical and conceptual nature of the subject can be better understood. Time will be allocated at the end of the theoretical class for questions (15-20 minutes), to encourage student participation and for the clarification or extension of concepts that the student may need (as a small seminar). Classes will have the support of book chapters or articles published in indexed journals so that the student can properly document and study each topic.

2. Pre-clinical Practical Classes

They will be carried out in person in the laboratory and in the University Dental Clinic (CUO) and teaching material will be provided for each practice that the student must previously study. In the face-to-face modality in the University laboratory, special resin models, and the appropriate surgical material for each practice will be used. Each practice will develop a specific topic where the theoretical and handling knowledge of instruments and materials, ergonomics, asepsis, patient monitoring, attitude, anesthesia techniques, exodontic techniques, and suturing techniques will be exercised. Special importance will be given to the knowledge of surgical instruments and their correct use and function.

The student must learn and know-how to carry out correctly the procedures of loco-regional anesthesia, exodontia, and suture in ghosts.

Evaluation systems and criteria


In blended

EVALUATION

A. THEORETICAL PART: The theoretical content of the subject will include the information transmitted during the online class completed with the content of the recommended bibliography for each topic. The final Theoretical Exam will be multiple-choice questions (4), with a single valid answer. An error in answering a question will subtract 0.25 points.

B. PRACTICAL PART: The evaluation of the Pre-clinical Practices will be continuously contemplating the following parameters: Knowledge of the sterile material and technique, ergonomics and handling of the instrument and equipment, techniques of loco-regional anesthesia, exodontics and suturing.

1. The assistance is COMPULSORY. The attendance control of the students will be made to each practice.
2. The ABSENCE of two UNJUSTIFIED practices will be considered suspended practices.
3. The supporting documents must be submitted within 1 week after the absence and can be sent by email to Dr. Naroa Lozano. Under no circumstances will supporting documents be accepted once the internship period has ended.
4. Not be accepted as justifiable, all those absences whose motive can be performed at another time (example: renewal of ID, driving exams ...).
5. The bad attitude, not bring the material, not pick up the job, be absent before the end of the practice, use of mobile ... are considered FAULTS, two faults will be considered an ABSENCE.
6. The practices represent 30% of the final grade:
    20% Final practical exam.

    10% The correct development of the different practices: attendance, participation, interest, use of the complete personal protective equipment ... The student who has a lack of unjustified attendance will be qualified with a 0 in this section.

7. The value of the final exam will be 20% of the final grade.
8. The exam will consist of 4-5 questions that will be chosen randomly, from a template of questions that the professors of practices will have made about the different practices carried out.
9. Each question will be scored with: 0 (poor), 1 (good) or 2 (excellent). Then proceed to make the average, about 20 points.

C. In order to pass the subject, it is essential to approve the practices and the theoretical exam individually (the pass is 50% of the exam score: 10 out of 20 in the practical and 35 out of 70 in the theoretical one).

 

FINAL EVALUATION
The evaluation of each student will be carried out as follows:
Theoretical final examination: 70%
Practical sessions: 30%

Total: 100 points

FINAL SCORE: 100p/1000= 5 (pass)


Bibliography and resources

Hupp JR, Ellis E, Tucker E. Contemporary Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.5 Th. ed. Philadelphia:Ed. Mosby.; 2008.

Michael Miloro. Peterson's Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ed BC Decker

Neville. Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Ed Saunders

Sailer, Pajarola. Oral Surgery for the General Dentist. Ed Thieme

Sapp JP, Eversole LR, Wysocki GP. Contemporary Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology 2 nd ed. Philadelphia: Mosby-Elsevier; 2004.

2. Bibliografia de consulta

Atari M, Barajas M, Hernández-Alfaro F, Gil C, Fabregat M, Ferrés-Padró E, Giner L,Casals N. Isolation of pluripotent stem cells from human third molar dental pulp. Histol Histopathol 2011;26:1057-70.

Cawson RA, Odell EW. Cawson fundamenteos de medicina y patología oral.Barcelona: Elsevier; 2009.

Díaz Carandell A, Hernando Chaure A, Ferrés Padró E. Protocolo de actuación ante situaciones de emergencia médica en la CUO. Clínica Universitaria de Odontología. Guía Clínica de aplicación en la CUO Departament de Patologia Mèdico-Quirúrgica i Implantologia Oral. Facultat d’Odontologia. Universitat Internacional de Catalunya;2008.

Gutiérrez J L, Vicente Bagán J, Bascones A, Llamas R, Llena J, Morales A. Documento
de consenso sobre la utilización de profilaxis antibiótica en cirugía y procedimientos
dentales. Rev Esp Cir Oral y Maxilofac 2006;28:151-181.

Hernando Chaure A, Ferrés Padró E. Cirugía oral electiva en pacientes bajo terapia anticoagulante y antiagregante plaquetario. Guía Clínica de aplicación en la CUO. Dpartamento de Patologia Mèdico-Quirúrgica e Implantologia Oral. Facultad de Odontologia.Universitat Internacional de Catalunya;2006.

Kirk RM. Técnicas quirúrgicas básicas. 5a ed. Barcelona: Ed. Elsevier;2003.

Maestre Vera JR. Treatment options in odontogenic infection. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir
Bucal 2004;9 Suppl:25-31;19-24.

Maestre Vera J R, Gómez-Lus Centelles M L. Antimicrobial prophylaxis in oral surgery and
dental procedures. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2007;12:E44-52.

Malamed S.F. Handbook of local anesthesia 5ª ed. Philadelphia: Mosby-Elsevier;2005.

Prats Armengol J, Ferrés Padró E. Estudio comparativo entre las técnicas del bloqueo anestésico de la tercera rama del trigémino (Convencional, de Gow-Gates y de Akinosi) en 120 exodoncias quirúrgicas de terceros molares inferiores.Quintessence 1999; 12:167-174.

Sailer HF, Pajarola GF. Atlas de cirugía oral.Ed. Masson. Barcelona;1997.

Scully C. Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine. The basis of diagnostic and treatment 2nd ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone-Elsevier; 2008.

Jorba, J. Asepsia en odontología. Normativa homologada
por el colegio oficial de odontólogos y estomatólogos de
Cataluña y Baleares. COEC

Stapff, KH. Recomendations for surface desinfection (3)
Quintessence J. 1991 Aug 21 ( 8) p 739‐43 .


 

Evaluation period

E: exam date | R: revision date | 1: first session | 2: second session:

  • E1 08/01/2021 09:00h A09
  • E1 08/01/2021 09:00h A22
  • E1 08/01/2021 09:00h A21
  • R1 22/01/2021 12:00h A17
  • E2 18/06/2021 16:30h A22
  • E2 18/06/2021 16:30h A21
  • R2 07/07/2021 15:00h A08
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