Subject

Anthropology of Health

  • code 09524
  • course 2
  • term Semester 1
  • type FB
  • credits 6

Module: Humanities and Arts Module

Matter: Anthropology

Main language of instruction: Spanish

Teaching staff

Head instructor

Dr. Ignacio MACPHERSON - imacpherson@uic.es

Office hours

- Make an appointment via e-mail to Professor

Ignacio Macpherson: imacpherson@uic.es

Mauricio Pacheco: mpacheco@uic.es

Introduction

In the event that the health authorities announce a new period of confinement due to the evolution of the health crisis caused by COVID-19, the teaching staff will promptly communicate how this may effect the teaching methodologies and activities as well as the assessment.

Technological advances have created new scenarios for all professionals in the health sciences and have raised great hopes of concrete improvements to the lives and future of mankind. However, it is also common for both clinical practice and scientific research or in management that problems and questions of ethical and anthropological nature arise and unambiguously demonstrate the need for a constant relationship and integration between technical and ethical reasons, so that the acquisition of new knowledge is conducted so to achieve and do the best for the man who is at his/her greatest vulnerability. For prepared professional, technical and scientific training is not enough to practice nursing correctly but also includes an anthropological and ethical dimension.

The course of "Medical Anthropology" aims to reflect on the value of human life, the respect it deserves and its relationship to good health. Based on the principles that should inspire Nursing conduct, in order to know how to integrate the actions that arise in daily clinical practice, knowing the rights of the person and the main health regulations governing professional skills is necessary.
Training in "Medical Anthropology" aims to provide students in Nursing knowledge and specific training that will train and help, not only to make the best decisions in situations that are considered limited, but also to know how to act in various situations that arise in daily clinical practice.

Pre-course requirements

Have knowledge of Philosophical Anthropology

Objectives

  1. Develop the ability to think and argue about ethical issues based on the analysis of the present situation.
  2. Provide conceptual tools to understand the importance of acquiring the principles and fundamental virtues of the ethics of care: compassion, competence, confidence, trust.
  3. Discover the meaning and value of the fundamental principle of the dignity of the human person, particularly in areas related to illness or other vulnerable situations taking into consideration both the physical and mental limitations of the person
  4. Demonstrate the importance of interpersonal communication in the context of the therapeutic relationship.
  5. Make known the basics of professional nursing legislation.
  6. Analyze the important implications of the social and cultural diversity for understanding disease and health.

Competences / Learning outcomes of the degree programme

  • 12. B - Know and observe the ethical code of conduct of Spanish nursing, understanding the ethical implications of health in a changing global context.
  • 15. B - Work with the team of professionals as a basic unit in which uni or multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary professionals and other staff of health care are organized.
  • 1. G - Ability to provide technical and professional health care appropriate to the health needs of the people they treat, with full technical and scientific autonomy, according to current and available scientific knowledge and to the quality standards and safety requirements set forth in the applicable legal standards and code of ethics.
  • 4. B - Understand the interactive behavior of the person according to their gender, group or community, within their social and multicultural context.
  • 7. B - Understand people without prejudice, considering their physical, psychological and social aspects, as autonomous and independent individuals, ensuring respect for their opinions, beliefs and values, ensuring their right to privacy through confidentiality and professional secrecy.
  • 8. B - Promote and respect the right of participation, information, autonomy and informed consent in decision-making of people treated, according to the way they live their health - disease process..
  • 11. E - Establish effective communication with patients, families, social groups and partners and promote health education.

Learning outcomes of the subject

At the end of the course of "Medical Anthropology" students will be able to:

  1. Provide care guaranteeing the right to dignity, privacy, intimacy, confidentiality and patient's and family's ability to make decisions.
  2. Recognize ethical issues that arise in professional practice and identify the apparent ethical conflicts and values presented.
  3. Know and respect the ethical and deontological code of Spanish Nursing.

Syllabus

I. FUNDAMENTAL OF ETHICS      

The rational foundation of ethics      

            The moral phenomenon

            Freedom and autonomy

            Good and dignity

            Ethical rationality and moral judgments

 Human conscience    

            Modalities of conscience

            Principles to follow one's conscience.

Human action 

            Underlying principles of human acts

            The lesser evil

            Double effect

            Cooperation to evil

The virtues and values           

            Nature and acquisition of virtue.

            The fundamental virtues

Ethics of social life    

            Physical integrity and violence

            Racial / sexual discrimination

            Respect for privacy

            Information-communication ethics

            Justice in professional relationships

            Justice in the distribution of resources

           

II. ETHICS AND LEGISLATION      

The law and the rights

            The moral Law. Characteristics and contents

            Distinction morality-legality

            Human rights

Legislation of clinical practice           

            Principles of action

            Medical records

            Informed Consent (CI)

            Professional secrecy

            Legal responsibility

            Judicial accountability and contracts

            Conscientious objection

            Assistance Ethics Committees

            Limits in procedures

            Ethical-deontological codes

           

III. ETHICAL APPLIED        

Methodological principles of ethical decisions          

            Ethical components of human acts

            Analysis of the moral decision of the health professional

            Stages in the decision making process

Origin and development of Bioethics

            Definition of Bioethics

            Brief historical panorama

            Founding models in Bioethics

            Application of models in case studies

Beginning of human life        

            Human sexuality

            Fertility and sterilization

            Prenatal diagnosis and abortion

            Current legal situation

            Assisted reproduction

            Stem cells and embryonic selection

            Embryo Experimentation

            Genetic manipulation

Ethics of fragile life   

            Information to patients and their rights

            The care and attention to at-risk patients

            Health professional-patient relationship

Term of human life    

            Suffering and Palliative Care

            Limitation of therapeutic effort

            Sedation and Dysnasia

            Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide

Research Ethics          

            Experimentation with humans

            Experimentation with animals

            Interventions for human improvement

            Fraud in investigation and publication

            The conflict of interest

            Clinical Research Ethics Committees

Teaching and learning activities


In blended

The course is usually taught through theoretical sessions (lectures) and practice sessions. The content of the lectures will consist of the main topics and concepts of the units which are detailed in the course syllabus. The classes will be based mainly on the analysis of texts, audiovisual documents and case studies that are intended to illustrate and deepen the concepts explained above.

1. Lecture: presentation of the contents of the program.

2. Study and resolution of cases.

3. Performing practices: critical reading of texts, audiovisual (individual and group presentations).

4. Implementation of a project: teamwork. Cooperative practices among peers.

5. Documents review: books, essays, articles, texts

6. Academic tutoring.

Evaluation systems and criteria


In blended

The Medical Anthropology course is approved with a 5. The overall score is obtained by making the weighted average of three activities:

a) Exercises in class, attendance, communications, cases, text comments, practical exercise (40%).

b) Partial exam (eliminatory) (30%)

c) Final exam (30%)

To make half between the four parts of the subject, it is necessary to have obtained at least a 4 in final exam.

All these specifications apply both to the presential and blended learning options.

Copying, forgery or fraud in individual written assignments or in teams, in attendance to classes, and/or in written or oral exams is a serious offense that carries the immediate failure of the course. If a course is repeated, disciplinary proceedings will be open to the author. DISCIPLINARY RULES FOR THE STUDENTS OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF CATALUÑA. CHAPTER I. OF THE DISCIPLINARY OFFENCES. Article 2. ((g) h) 

Honors qualifications will not be awarded during retakes.

LEADERSHIP PROJECT

The final grade of this subject will be affected by the non-attendance to any of the 3 leadership tutorials of each semester in the following proportion: 0.5 points if missing in the 3 occasions; 0.4 points if you miss 2 tutorials and 0.3 if you miss 1 tutorial. This rule will apply to approved students and unca will be subject to suspension of the subject.

 

Bibliography and resources

HANDBOOKS

POLAINO, A., Manual de Bioética General, Rialp, 2000.

CICCONE, L.; Bioética. Historia.Principios. Cuestiones. Palabra, Madrid, 2005.

MANERO, E; TOMAS, G Mª, Diccionario de Bioética para estudiantes, Formación Alcalá, S.L., 2008.

SGRECCIA, E., Manual de Bioetica I: Fundamentos y Ética Biomédica, BAC, 2010.

SIMON, C., Diccionario de Bioética, Montecarmelo, 2006

REFERENCE:

AA.VV, Vivir y morir con dignidad: temas fundamentales de bioética en una sociedad plural, A M González, E. Postigo, S. Aulestiarte (ed), Pamplona, Eunsa, 2000.

ABEL, F., Bioética: orígenes, presente y futuro, Madrid, Institut Borja de Bioética, Fundación Mapfre medicina, reimp. , 2001.

ALBURQUERQUE, E., Bioética, una apuesta por la vida, Madrid, 1992.

ANDORNO, R., Bioética y dignidad de la persona, Madrid, Tecnos,1998.

ANRUBIA, E. (Ed.), La fragilidad de los hombres. La enfermedad, la filosofía y la muerte, Eds. Cristiandad, Madrid, 2008.

ASHELY, B.M., O'ROURKE, K.D., Ethics of Health care, An Introductory Textbook, 2ª ed. Washington. Georgetown University Press, 1994.

BEAUCHAMPS, T.L., CHILDRESS, F. J., Principios de Ética Biomédica, Barcelona, Mason 4ª ed., 2000.

BLAZQUEZ, N., Bioética: La nueva ciencia de la vida. Madrid, BAC, 2000.

COMITÉ CONSULTIU DE BIOÈTICA DE CATALUNYA (2007). Orientacions sobre la diversitat cultural i la salut. Generalitat de Catalunya, Departament de Salut.

D'AGOSTINO, F., Bioética: estudios de Filosofía del Derecho, Madrid, Eiunsa, 2003.

DE HENNEZEL M. La muerte íntima. Barcelona: Plaza & Janés, 1996.

DEL BARCO, J.L., Bioética de la persona:fundamentos éticos y antropológicos. Chía [Colombia], Universidad de la Sabana, 1996.

ESCRIBANO, X. (Ed.), Territoris humans de la salut. Societat, cultura i valors en el món sanitari, Eds. Dux, Barcelona, 2008.

ESPEJO M.D., CASTILLA, A., Bioética en las Ciencias de la Salud, Granada, Asociación Alcalá, 2001.

GRACIA, D., Fundamentos de Bioética, Madrid, 1989.

LOPEZ MORATALLA, N., [et al. ] Deontología biológica, Pamplona, Universidad de Navarra, 1987.

LEÓN SANZ, P. (ed.), La implantación de los derechos del paciente: comentarios a la Ley 41-2002. EUNSA, Pamplona, 2004.

LÓPEZ, G. Aborto y contracepción,

MONGE, M. A., Ética, salud, enfermedad. Palabra, Madrid, 1991 (especialmente enfocada a las cuestiones éticas de la práctica clínica)

PASTOR, LM y LEÓN FJ. Manual de ética y legislación en Enfermería. Madrid. Ed. Mosby, 1997.

PASTOR L.M., FERRER, M., La bioética en el milenio biotecnológico, Murcia,Sociedad Murciana de Bioética,2001.

POISSON, J.F. Bioética ¿El hombre contra el hombre?, Rialp, Madrid, 2009.

ROQUE MV. Médico y paciente. El lado humano de la medicina. Ed. Dux, Barcelona, 2007.

TORRALBA, F., Antropología del cuidar, Institut Borja de Bioètica/ Fundación Mapfre Medicina, Barcelona, 1998.

 INTERNET

- Bioethicsline www.bioethics.Georgetown.edu/bioline.htm

- Euroethics www.gwdg.de/-uelsner/entrez/.fcgi

- Asociación Médica Mundial www.wma.net

- Canadian Bioethics Society:  www.bioethics.ca/english

- Asociación Europea de Centros de Ética Médica: www.kuleuven.ac.be/cbmer/eacmeherstel.htm

- European Bioethical Research: www.bioethics.org.uk

- Asociación Española de Bioética y Ética médica: www.aebioetica.org

- Bioética y Derecho. Universidad de Barcelona: www.Ub.es/fildt/bioetica.htm

- Centro de Documentación de Bioética del departamento de Humanidades Biomédicas: www.unav.es/cdb

-Observatorio de Bioética de Valencia: www.observatoriobioetica.com

Evaluation period

E: exam date | R: revision date | 1: first session | 2: second session:

  • E1 15/01/2021 12:00h
  • R1 03/02/2021 15:00h
  • E2 01/07/2021 10:00h
  • R2 12/07/2021 11:00h
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