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Universitat Internacional de Catalunya

Otolaryngology for Dentists

Otolaryngology for Dentists
3
10475
5
Second semester
op
Main language of instruction: Spanish

Other languages of instruction: Catalan, English,

Teaching staff


Appointment:

Dr. Francesc Xavier Subirana

fxsubirana@uic.es 

Introduction

 

Otolaryngology studies the ear, nose, larynx and pharynx and cervical soft tissue structures. It is closely involved with and responsible for the body’s systems for communicating with the exterior and with the beginning of the respiratory and digestive systems. As a result of geographic and functional proximity, it is closely connected to stomatology and dentistry in particular.

 

Many of the structures involved in ENT have a significant pathological relationship with dental and facial development (nasal breathing difficulty, tonsillar hypertrophy). There is a close relationship between night-time breathing difficulties and ENT and dentofacial structural anomalies, and finally the language and articulating words, so important to the ENT specialist, have shared features with stomatologists and dentists.

 

Pre-course requirements

 

There are no prerequisites, but it is recommended that the student pass first to third year subjects prior to taking this course.

 

 

Objectives

To introduce to future specialists in stomatology and dentistry the importance of functional interrelationships, and the anatomical and pathological aspects of both specialties. To promote interdisciplinary work in order to improve the health care of our patients.

 

 

Competences/Learning outcomes of the degree programme

  • 09 - Understanding the importance of keeping and using patient files in order to subsequently analyse them, while ensuring patient confidentiality is maintained.
  • 13 - Understanding and recognising the science behind the essential bio-materials involved in dental practice as well as immediately managing potential allergies to these.
  • 14 - Being aware of the general processes of the illness, including infection, inflammation, alterations in the immune system, degeneration, neoplasm, metabolic alterations and genetic disorders.
  • 15 - Being familiar with the general pathological characteristics of the illnesses and disorders that affect organic systems, specifically those which have dental repercussions.
  • 17 - Understanding and recognising the principles of ergonomics and safety at work (including the control of cross infection, radiation protection and occupational and biological diseases).
  • 18 - Being aware of, critically evaluating and knowing how to use sources of clinical and biomedical infomation in order to obtain, organise, interpret and communicate scientific and healthcare-related information.
  • 19 - Being aware of scientific methods and having the critical ability to evaluate established knowledge and innovative information. Being able to formulate hypotheses, collect and critically evaluate information in order to resolve problems, in accordance with scientific methods.
  • 21 - Knowing how to undertake a full dental exam, including the necessary X-ray and complementary exploratory tests, as well as obtaining suitable clinical references.
  • 22 - Having the ability to make an initial diagnostic judgement and establish a reasonable diagnostic strategy, as well as being competent in recognising situations that require urgent dental treatment.
  • 23 - Establishing a diagnosis, prognosis and suitable treatment planning for all the different clinical areas of Dentistry, being competent in terms of the diagnosis, prognosis and writing up the dental care plan for patients who require special care, including medically compromised patients (such as diabetics, those with hypertension, a depressed immune system or are anticoagulated, etc) and patients with disabilities.
  • 24 - Recognising situations in which lives are at risk and knowing how to provide basic life-support.
  • 26 - Knowing how to plan and undertake multidisciplinary, sequential and comprehensive dental treatment of limited complexity for patients of all ages and conditions and for patients who require special care.

Learning outcomes of the subject

 

Master ENT terminology and specific language.

 

Develop a professional approach, respecting patients’ opinions, beliefs and culture.

 

Develop a professional approach, respecting other health professionals and enhancing  teamwork skills.

Ability to carry out a proper physical ear, nose, throat and neck examination.

Be able to incorporate data from physical examination and history into a syndrome that corresponds to a specific ENT pathology.

 

Be able to interpret clusters of symptoms and signs in order to make a differentiating diagnosis, always referring to the most basic ENT pathologies and with special emphasis on those closest to stomatology.

 

Be familiar with the different ENT basic diagnostic techniques, both anatomical and physiological. Understand their utility, how to perform them and request them, still considering their possible complications and contraindications, and being able to justify the request.

 

Be acquainted with the basic ENT medical and surgical treatments, with special reference to the topics closest to stomatology.

Know, assess critically and be able to use clinical and biomedical information sources, in order to obtain, organise, interpret and communicate scientific and healthcare information.

be familiar with the basis of the interaction between patient and health professional, transmission of clinical information, obtaining informed consent and resolving related conflicts.

Syllabus

 Topic 1

Anatomy, physiology and exploration of external and middle ear. Pathophysiology of the Eustachian tube

PRACTICAL CLASS: PLASTIC MODELS AND ANATOMICAL SCHEMES AND OTOSCOPY IMAGES

 

Topic 2

External Otitis. Reflex earache.

PRACTICAL CLASS: CASE METHOD: OTALGIA

 

Topic 3

Anatomy and physiology of the auditory system.

Transmission and perception hearing loss

 PRACTICAL CLASS: HEARING LOSS ASSESSMENT AND EXPLORATION

 

Topic 4

Balance anatomy and physiology.

Pathology and assessment of balance disturbances.

Temporomandibular joint and ear.

PRACTICAL CLASS: CASE METHOD: DIZZINESS

 

Topic 5

Sinonasal anatomy and physiology

PRACTICAL CLASS: ANATOMY WITH VIDEO DISSECTION. CADAVER AND PLASTIC MODELS

 

Topic 6

Nasal obstruction: Causes and approach

Dentofacial development and upper respiratory obstruction

Nasal and Facial Traumatisms

PRACTICAL CLASS: SINONASAL EXPLORATION: RHINOSCOPY AND ENDOSCOPY

 

Topic 7

Rhinitis. Sinusitis. Polyposis. Medical and surgical treatment. 

Dental sinusitis.

PRACTICAL CLASS: CASE METHOD INFLAMMATORY PATHOLOGY AND OBSTRUCTIVE SINUS

 

Topic 8

Pharynx and laryngeal anatomy and physiology.

Waldeyer ring anatomy and functioning. 

PRACTICAL CLASS: PHARYNGEAL AND LARYNGEAL IMAGES. PLASTICS MODELS AND CADAVER PARTS

 

Topic 9

Sleep apnoea Syndrome in adults and children.

Diagnosis, treatment, negative consequences and treatments.

PRACTICAL CLASS: SLEEP APNOEA CASE METHOD

 

Topic 10

Tonsil and adenoid infections. Medical treatment and indications for tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.

PRACTICAL CLASS: CASE METHOD: CASES OF PHARYNGITIS AND TONSILLITIS. SURGERY VIDEOS

 

Topic 11

Anatomy, Phisiology and Pathology of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia

PRACTICAL CLASS: DYSPHAGIA VIDEOS

 

Topic 12

Obstructive pathology of the larynx.

Dyspnoea of upper respiratory tract, stridor. Management of acute obstruction of the upper airways.

Treatment of airway obstruction. Tracheotomy.

PRACTICAL CLASS: CASE METHOD ON UPPER AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. Video tracheotomy

 

Topic 13

Voice troubles. Language development and disorders

PRACTICAL CLASS: CASE METHOD ON VOICE TROUBLES. VIDEOS OF LARYNGEAL ENDOSCOPY AND STROBOSCOPE

 

Topic 14

Oncology of the upper aerodigestive tract.

Cancer of the larynx and hypopharynx

PRACTICAL CLASS: CASE METHOD ONCOLOGY OF UPPER AIRWAY

 

Topic 15

Cervical anatomy. Cervical nodes. Salivary disorders

Examination systems. Cervical lymph pathology and treatment

Salivary anatomy and physiology. Pathology of salivary glands 

PRACTICAL CLASS: CASE METHOD CERVICAL PATHOLOGY AND CERVICAL EXAMINATION PRACTICES

 

Teaching and learning activities

In person



 

The lecture is where teacher transmits knowledge in a classroom to the whole group of students. The format, however, allows the inclusion of small group activities within the classroom and the use of strategies that encourage active student participation.

 

The case method is the process of solving clinical or other cases within the speciality. It involves group activities with the active participation of the teacher following student discussion.


Practical classes in the classroom. In this course they are based on understanding basic examination methods in the different ENT areas. Students’ participate actively in carrying out basic examinations, interpreting photographs or videos or carrying out x-rays.

 

Some practical work will be carried out in the laboratory, including dissection of cadavers or plastic models.

 

 

Evaluation systems and criteria

In person



 

Theoretical evaluation

 

 Consists of three short questions that will have a weighting of one point for each correct answer

 

 Practical evaluation

 

 Consists of five images taken from the practical classes, and a questions asked about them. They have a weighting of one point each

 

 Evaluation of attendance

 

 If you attend more than 12 classes you will get 2 points, if more than 6 or less than 12: 1 point. Otherwise you have a zero score.

 

 EXAMINATION RESIT

 

 Those students who fail the examinations the first time will have a second opportunity a few months later.

 

 The resit will consist of a written test of five short questions, each of which will be worth two points

 

 

FINAL SCORE: To pass the final examination, a score of 5 or more will be required.

 

The final grade will be a score out of ten. Qualitative Score: fail (suspenso), passed (aprobado), good (notable), excellent (excelente) and distinction (matricula de honor)

 

EXAMINATION REVIEW SYSTEM

 

Examination reviews: will be conducted face to face following a written request before a pre­established closing date. 

 

Bibliography and resources

1. Otorrinolaringología. Manual Clínico

 

José Luis LlorentePendás, César Álvarez Marcos y Faustino Núñez Batalla

 

Editorial Médica Panamericana 2012. ISBN 978-84-9835-371-6

 

2. Manual de Otorrinolaringología

 

SegundaEdición. Rafael Ramírez Camacho McGraw-Hill. Interamericana 2007.

 

ISBN 978-84-481-4677-1

 

3. Otorrinolaringología y PatologíaCervicofacial

 

Jorge BasterraAlegría. Masson S.A. 2005. ISBN 84-458-1328-5

 

4. Lecciones de Otorrinolaringología Aplicada Tomo I y II.

 

Constantino Morera Pérez y Jaime Marco Algarra. Editorial Glosa 2004