Universitat Internacional de Catalunya

Basic Concept in Experimental Research

Basic Concept in Experimental Research
3
9460
3
Second semester
OB
Inglés médico
Main language of instruction: English

Teaching staff


Dr. Carlos García Forero  cgarciaf@uic.es

By appointment

Introduction

The success of biomedical sciences during the past century has been established on a constant dialogue between clinical practice and research. Nowadays, Evidence-Based Practice, integrates clinical expertise and the best available scientific research for informed decision-making on diagnosis, and treatment of individual patients.

Evidence-Based Medicine involves the use of critical reading of medical research. During their entire careers Physicians are not just expected to keep up to date with research, but they are increasingly encouraged to participate in the creation of new useful evidence as members or leaders of research projects conducted in their services.

The aim of this program is to broaden and deepen the ability to understand and design medical research. 

The program contains 3 elements that include class-based lessons, reading seminars and project-based learning. As most research is published in English, the course lays emphasis on reading, and listening skills in this language. Students will practice speaking and writing activities for analyzing and enhancing scientific communication in medical research.

Teacher-led lessons are full-group activities aimed at enhancing the ability to read research reports. These sessions will discuss investigation design topics and reading abilities for Medical Students.  These activities are designed to facilitate the comprehension of investigation reports and papers within an academic setting. 

Reading seminars are conducted in divided group sessions by experts in each research design. These sessions have a journal-club conference format where students will attend a presentation analyzing a research paper. The paper will be discussed by teachers and students.

Project-based learning will also be done as a journal club activity where students will conduct and discuss their own presentations of journal papers using specific designs.  These papers will be provided to students by teachers and will be prepared in groups for classroom presentation and discussion.

Pre-course requirements

It is required to have taken the subjects Biostatistics, Introduction to Epidemiology and Management of Scientific Information.

 The recommended minimum level of English at the start of the course is B1+

Objectives

 1)    To give  students research design and reporting tools to analyze and design medical research

 2)    To reinforce the knowledge of principles of causality applied to health research

 3)    To understand, synthesize and discuss  medical research in English

 4)    To reinforce the receptive skills of reading and listening and to facilitate the development of the productive skills of speaking and writing through interactive activities.

Competences/Learning outcomes of the degree programme

Based on the use of the competency from the Medical degree program, students will be able to have sufficient knowledge of English to understand medical and health sciences literature in English, as well as a sufficient level of oral comprehension to be able to attend and participate in a talk or lecture.

  • 31 - Understand, critically evaluate and know how to use sources of clinical and biomedical information to obtain, organize, interpret and communicate scientific and health care information.
  • 34 - Ability for critical thinking, creativity and constructive skeptisim with a focus on research within professional practice.
  • 37 - Acquire basic training for research.
  • CB-6 - To have developed sufficient autonomy to participate in research projects and scientific or technological cooperation within the student’s own thematic and interdisciplinary context. This should also include a high degree of knowledge transfer.
  • CTI-1 - To know how to communicate effectively through written and oral communication in a foreign language that will allow them to work in an international context.
  • CTP-3 - To develop critical thinking and reasoning as well as self-assessment skills.

Learning outcomes of the subject

Students will be able:

  1. To be able to read and understand medical and health sciences literature in English
  2. To critically assess research reports, being able to differentiate their elements, and learning where to find strengths and weaknesses.
  3. To devise research diagrams using research design notation
  4. To be able to participate in a talk or lecture in English

Syllabus

Topics:

The course begins reviewing basic concepts in research design and moves on to the practice of navigating through research paper manuscripts. Students will practice with tools for finding and handling investigation, writing, and communicating results.

Then, students will learn on specific topics of research designs using actual literature, covering:

1)    Concepts of clinical trials

2)    Pharmacologic clinical trials

3)    Non-pharmacologic trials

4)    Observational designs: cross-sectional, cohorts and case control studies.

5)    Diagnostic and prognostic studies.

6)    Research Synthesis and Meta-analysis.

  

CLASS SCHEDULE

Data

Grup

Topic

Professor

01/02/2022

 

Course orientation
Introduction to Research Design notation

Carlos García Forero

04/02/2022

 

• Searching and handling literature:
databases and reference managers

Maria Cerrato

08/02/2022

 

•Reading (and writing) papers:
structure and discourse

Maria Cerrato

15/02/2022

 

Communication:
compelling messages and good interacions

Maria Cerrato

A: 22/02/2022


B: 15/03/2022 

A/B

Trials 1: Concepts

Xavier Corbella

A: 1/03/2022

 B: 22/03/2022

A/B

Trials 2: Pharm RCT

Xavier Corbella

A: 08/03/2022

B: 29/03/2022

A/B

Trials 3: non.pharm RCT

Xavier Corbella

 A: 15/03/2022

B: 22/02/2022

B/A

Observational designs 1: Cross-sectional design

Montse García

    A: 22/03/2022

    B: 1/03/2022

B/A

Observational designs 2 : The Case control

Montse García

A: 29/03/2022

B: 08/03/2022

B/A

• Observational designs 3 : The cohort(s)

Montse García

05/03/2022

 

Big Data, Artificial intelligence and Medical Decision Making

Carlos García Forero

19/04/2022

 

Diagnostic and prognostic studies Design

Pedro Brotons

26/04/2022

 

Systematic Rerviews and Meta-analyses

Laura Gómez

A: 03/05/2022

B: 17/05/2022

A/B

Diagnostic studies

Pedro Brotons

A: 10/05/2022

B: 24/05/2022

A/B

Prognostic Studies

Pedro Brotons

 A: 17/05/2022

    B: 03/05/2022

B/A

Meta analysis of RCTs

Laura Gómez

A:24/05/2022

  B: 10/05/2022

B/A

Meta analysis of non-randomized studies

Laura Gómez

27/05/2022

 

FINAL QUIZ SESSION

Carlos García Forero


 Discipline-specific Language Skills

 Students will learn to read, understand, and discuss academic literature related to research in health sciences. Furthermore, they will learn to recognize the main features and the common format of experimental research articles. They will develop synthesis skills of material covered throughout the course.

 

Teaching and learning activities

In person



Learning activities are based on actively engaging in the process of reading, analyzing, and synthesizing information from medical journals. Students will discuss course contents in seminars. They will give presentations as well as produce some writing assignment lectures by a professor and presentations by other students and speakers.

 

In-class and outside-class time

The estimated student work time for this course is 60 hours. Total hours per activity are: 

Activity

Presence

Place

Type

Hours

Classroom training

In-class

Classroom

Individual

10

Seminars

In-class

Classroom

Individual

18

Group practice Project

Outside Class

Classroom

Group

12

Reading assignments

Outside Class

 

 

18

 Assessment

In-class

Classroom

Individual

2

 

 

 

Total in-class

30

 

 

 

Total outside-class

60

 

 

 

Total (3 ECTS x 20 hours)

60


 Methodology and Activities

Different teaching methodologies will be combined to achieve learning objectives and competencies

1. Classroom training sessions: Full-group lectures with practice in the classroom. The teachers will explain concepts and present practical exercises on research design and critical reading concepts

2.  Seminars: Divided group Sessions introducing a topic by the teacher (20 min), followed by Journal Clubs sessions devoted to critical analyses of published research.  Journal Clubs will be structured in two parts: First, a research paper that will be commented on by the teacher. The teacher will summarize and explain and discuss the paper (15 min), highlighting the reasons for the design. An open debate on the paper will follow.  Papers discussed by the teachers will be mandatory readings. After teacher discussion, groups of students will conduct a similar comment on a paper using the research design covered during the session

3. Group Project: A Journal Club project in small (4-5 persons) groups. Groups will prepare a presentation for discussion. A list of themes and papers will be provided at the beginning of the course; groups will choose a paper of their liking in the first three sessions. These papers will be read by all group members, who will develop a critical analysis to present during the sessions. These papers are optional readings for students other than group members. Open discussion is encouraged. If no debate arises spontaneously, teachers will ask questions to promote an informed dialogue.

4. Quizzes:  At mid-seminar an online quiz will be open to the students in the classroom. The quiz will contain 5 questions about the paper discussed by the teacher. Quiz qualifications will be part of the assessment. At least 60% of the quizzes must be completed for passing the course without taking the final quiz. No make-up quizzes will be given, so students who miss a quiz will receive a 0 for that quiz. However, each quiz bears little weight individually in the course evaluation, missing one will have little effect on the total grade.  Students with less than 80% quizzes will receive a 0 in quizzes and will attend the final quiz session, which will account for 40% of the gradin

5.  Final Quiz: If a student has 60% or fewer quizzes (6 or less out of 10), quizzes will not be graded. Instead, the student will have to attend the final quiz session. In this session, students will receive a paper to read and analyze, and they will have to answer a 20 question quiz. The quiz score will account for 40% of the course grade.

 

Classroom attendance

Attendance is not mandatory. However, students must be aware that assessment quizzes will be open during the classroom and cannot be answered from outside the classroom and during course hours. Quizzes will begin at any moment during the session, according to the pace of the presentations, and for a limited time. Missed quizzes will not be reopened after the allotted quiz time. 

Students will not be allowed to leave the classroom during a quiz or presentation. A note from a healthcare provider will be required for any student expecting any sort of emergency during the quiz/exam. Please plan appropriately.

Course web page

The moodle webpage will contain the course schedule, contents, and reading materials. Open forums will provide the means for course communication.

Course quizzes and tasks will also be embedded in the Moodle platform, so students are expected to have online access to Moodle during sessions for adequate progress.

Communication and tutorhips

Questions about the tasks and course procedures must be addressed in the forums, where all students are encouraged to participate to clarify doubts. No queries will be made about tasks or procedures by e-mail. Forum queries may not be answered by the teacher unless they require only a brief and clarifying answer.

The contact by email will be reserved for personal contacts with potential implications on the academic activities. Prompt response to e-mail messages is not guaranteed. Forum messages directly addressed to the coordinator will be answered within 48h business days.

You are encouraged to contact the teacher about any concerns you have about the evolution of the subject. To do this, a message will be sent in a new line of the forum indicating in the BCER tutoring sessions for an appointment to discuss problems as soon as there is a concern on the part of the student. These queries are requested by email (NOT before or after class).

Participation

 Students are reminded that class participation and continuous evaluation are fundamental to passing the course. Furthermore, group work outside of class will also form a major part of the evaluation. It will not be possible to pass the course by only taking the quizzes.

Second Sitting 

No student can pass the course by only taking the resit exam. If students fail the course, they will have to contact the course coordinator to arrange the conditions and contents of the resit. If they intend to attend the resit exam, they must contact the course coordinator at least 14 business days before the exam date.  


Course Policies

Task Assignments due dates: All due dates are final. Submissions after the due date will not be accepted, and there will be no extension closing dates. Students and groups take full responsibility for the contents in the submitted assignments. Submissions will require students to click the submit button to declare their submission as final. No submission amendments will be accepted after clicking the submit confirmations or after the closing dates.

Extra credit: Extra credit opportunities are not provided.

Plagiarism and cheating:  Plagiarism is the use of using someone else’s words, ideas, or phrases as one’s own or failing to reference or use quotations to indicate copied text.  For this course, cheating is defined as the following: (a) representing homework as one’s own work when in fact it is the work of others; (b) using assignments completed by any other person, however, it’s okay to work with other students; (c) accessing the quizzes from outside the classroom.  Any student who cheats will not pass the course and will  be reported to the student vice-dean.

 

Evaluation systems and criteria

In person



   

ACTIVITY

% COURSE GRADE

OUTCOME

QUIZZES

Critical comprehension of mandatory readings

 

 

 

40%

(4% each)

 

To critically assess research reports, being able to differentiate their elements, and learning where to find strengths and weaknesses.

 

To be able to read and understand medical and health sciences literature in English

 

GROUP PROJECT

Journal club presentation of research paper

 30%

To critically assess research reports, being able to differentiate their elements, and learning where to find strengths and weaknesses.

 

To be able to read and understand medical and health sciences literature in English

 

To devise research diagrams using research design notation

 

 

 

CLASSROOM PARTICIPATION

30%

To critically assess research reports, being able to differentiate their elements, and learning where to find strengths and weaknesses.

 

To be able to participate in a talk or lecture in English

FINAL QUIZ

40%

(For students with 60% or less classroom quizzes)

To critically assess research reports, being able to differentiate their elements, and learning where to find strengths and weaknesses.

 

To be able to read and understand medical and health sciences literature in English

 

 

Important information:

 Attendance and participation:  Students are reminded that attendance and participation in class and continuous evaluation are fundamental to passing the course. Furthermore, group work outside of class will also form a major part of the evaluation. 

 It will not be possible to pass the course by only taking the final exam in any sitting.

Second Sitting 

 No student can pass the course by only taking the second sitting exam. If students fail the course, they will have to contact their teacher and the course coordinator to arrange the conditions and contents of the second sitting.

 If they intend to attend the second sitting they must contact their teacher and the coordinator at least 14 natural days before the second sitting exam date.   

Final quiz 

 Ten progress quizzes will be given throughout the course. No make-up quizzes will be given, so students who miss a quiz will receive a 0 for that quiz.  However, because each quiz bears little weight individually in the course evaluation, missing one will have little effect (4%) on the total grade, up to the maximum allowed missed quizzes (40%)

Students who miss the quizzes, and who have a valid justification (i.e. medical certificate) must present it to their coordinator the following day of class. At the end of the term, if the student count with 60% or more quizzes, he or she will be able to make up the final quiz.

 

 

Bibliography and resources

Class-based materials:

Class-based materials are based on readings from academic resources. They will be provided from online academic journals. Intranet and Internet materials for self-study.


Recommended learning material:

Mayer D. Essential Evidence-Based Medicine.  2nd ed. Cambridge University Press. 2009

Evaluation period

E: exam date | R: revision date | 1: first session | 2: second session:
  • E1 13/06/2022 12:00h
  • E2 07/07/2022 16:30h